ABSTRACT

To date, proposed therapies and antiviral drugs have been failed to cure coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. However, at least two drug companies have applied for emergency use authorization with the United States Food and Drug Administration for their coronavirus vaccine candidates and several other vaccines are in various stages of development to determine safety and efficacy. Recently, some studies have shown the role of different human and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. miRNAs are non-coding single-stranded RNAs, which are involved in several physiological and pathological conditions, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism. They act as negative regulators of protein synthesis through binding to the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of the complementary target mRNA, leading to mRNA degradation or inhibition. The databases of Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for literature regarding the importance of miRNAs in the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle, pathogenesis, and genomic mutations. Furthermore, promising miRNAs as a biomarker or antiviral agent in COVID-19 therapy are reviewed.

摘要

迄今为止，拟议的疗法和抗病毒药物未能治愈 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 患者。然而，至少两家制药公司已向美国食品和药物管理局申请其冠状病毒候选疫苗的紧急使用授权，其他几种疫苗正处于不同的开发阶段，以确定安全性和有效性。最近，一些研究表明了不同的人类和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) microRNA (miRNA) 在 COVID-19 病理生理学中的作用。miRNA是非编码单链RNA，参与细胞增殖、分化和代谢等多种生理和病理条件。它们通过与互补靶 mRNA 的 3' 非翻译区 (3' UTR) 结合，充当蛋白质合成的负调节因子，导致 mRNA 降解或抑制。检索了 Google Scholar、Scopus、PubMed 和 Web of Science 的数据库，查找有关 miRNA 在 SARS-CoV-2 生命周期、发病机制和基因组突变中的重要性的文献。此外，还对有前途的 miRNA 作为 COVID-19 治疗中的生物标志物或抗病毒剂进行了综述。