European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) are two of the most important small pelagic fish species in terms of biomass and commercial interest in the Mediterranean Sea. Their populations are clearly influenced by environmental variations, making them good bio-indicators of climate-driven changes. Here, we reviewed the different environmental factors documented to affect anchovy and sardine biology by using a systematic review approach on methodologies used to study environmental effects on these species, variables identified to play a role, and relationships found between ecological variables and the environment. Our results show that available studies were heterogeneously distributed, being more abundant for anchovy adults in the Western Mediterranean. Among all the environmental factors found significant, temperature, depth, salinity and chlorophyll-a concentration were the most studied for both species. Further emphasis was placed on the effect of these four variables, with various relationships found for the different life stages and areas. This review provides a general insight of what is known about how the environment influences growth, spawning, abundance and distribution of anchovy and sardine in the Mediterranean Sea, and identifies gaps of knowledge for future research. Our study sets a knowledge baseline for future studies about climate variability and change in the Mediterranean basin.

欧洲an鱼（Engraulis encrasicolus）和沙丁鱼（Sardina pilchardus就生物量和地中海商业利益而言，）是两种最重要的中上层鱼类。他们的人口显然受到环境变化的影响，使其成为气候驱动变化的良好生物指标。在这里，我们通过系统地研究方法对这些物种的环境影响，已确定发挥作用的变量以及生态变量与环境之间的关系，使用系统的方法综述了记录到影响an鱼和沙丁鱼生物学的不同环境因素。我们的结果表明，可用的研究是异质性分布的，在西地中海的an鱼成虫中更为丰富。在所有发现的重要环境因素中，温度，深度，盐度和叶绿素-a浓度是对这两种物种研究最多的。进一步强调了这四个变量的影响，发现了不同生命阶段和地区的各种关系。这篇综述提供了关于环境如何影响地中海中cho鱼和沙丁鱼生长，产卵，丰富度和分布的已知信息的一般见解，并确定了未来研究的知识差距。我们的研究为以后关于地中海盆地气候变化和变化的研究奠定了知识基础。地中海中an鱼和沙丁鱼的丰富和分布，并确定了未来研究的知识差距。我们的研究为以后关于地中海盆地气候变化和变化的研究奠定了知识基础。地中海中an鱼和沙丁鱼的丰富和分布，并确定了未来研究的知识差距。我们的研究为以后关于地中海盆地气候变化和变化的研究奠定了知识基础。