The Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) is one of the smallest species of sea turtles well known for its migration across the Indian and Pacific Oceans, as well as Southeast Asia waters. However, there is currently no available information on their population structure across Indonesia, which will be beneficial to their management. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the genetic structure and population connectivity of L. olivacea across the Indonesian archipelago. The samples were obtained from the waters of the archipelago, and divided into four groups depending on: (i) sampling sites, (ii) Indonesian marine ecoregion, (iii) regional territory, and (iv) pooled population of both Indonesian and Indo-Pacific sites. Furthermore, the analysis was based on 791-bp fragment of the DNA control region from 132 individuals, and additional 84 sequences (India, Australia, and Mexico) from Genbank. A significant genetic differentiation was observed among Indonesian sampling sites (${\mathit{F}}_{\mathrm{ST}}=0.44$, p<0.001), between marine ecoregions (0.40, p<0.001), Indonesian territories (0.35, p<0.001), and the global population (0.60, p<0.001). The haplotype connectivity in the eight sampling sites constructed a five-clade network of L. olivacea. In addition, two out of five clades exhibited unique haplotypes, where one clade was the biggest, consisting of five Mid-West Indonesian sampling sites (Aceh, Pariaman, Panggul, Serangan and Tuafanu) and connected to the Indian population, while another was formed in Mid-East Indonesia (Kapoposang, Pulau Yapen and Teluk Cendrawasih). The Australian population shared most haplotypes with the Indonesian population. This study showed a distinct need for a management effort between sites and regions of L. olivacea due to limited gene flow between various populations. A strong population structure and limited genetic connectivity between its populations across the Indonesian archipelago is a very important factor for enhancing the conservation and management efforts of this species.

橄榄雷德利（Lepidochelys olivacea）是最小的海龟物种之一，以在印度洋，太平洋和东南亚水域的迁移而闻名。但是，目前尚无有关整个印度尼西亚人口结构的信息，这将有利于他们的管理。因此，本研究旨在确定L. olivacea的遗传结构和种群连通性。整个印度尼西亚群岛。样本取自群岛水域，分为以下四类：（i）采样地点，（ii）印度尼西亚海洋生态区，（iii）区域领土，以及（iv）印度尼西亚和印度洋的合并种群太平洋站点。此外，该分析基于来自132个个体的DNA控制区的791 bp片段，以及来自Genbank的其他84个序列（印度，澳大利亚和墨西哥）。在印度尼西亚采样点之间观察到显着的遗传分化（${\mathit{F}}_{\mathrm{ST}}=0。44$（p <0.001），海洋生态区域（0.40，p <0.001），印度尼西亚领土（0.35，p <0.001）和全球人口（0.60，p <0.001）之间。八个采样点的单倍型连通性构建了一个五叶紫花苜蓿网络。。此外，五分之二的进化枝具有独特的单倍型，其中一个进化枝是最大的，由五个印度尼西亚中西部采样点（亚齐，帕里亚曼，潘古勒，Serangan和图阿法奴）组成，并与印度人口相连，而另一个则形成在印度尼西亚中东部（Kapoposang，Pulau Yapen和Teluk Cendrawasih）。澳大利亚人口与印度尼西亚人口共有大多数单倍型。这项研究表明，由于各种群体之间的基因流有限，因此需要在寡脂乳酸杆菌的位点和区域之间进行管理。强大的种群结构和整个印度尼西亚群岛各种群之间的遗传连通性有限，是加强该物种保护和管理工作的重要因素。