ABSTRACT

The response of plant growth, yield, dry matter (DM), accumulation (NAC) and recovery efficiency (RE) of nutrients in the first crop (broccoli), and its residual effect on DM and NAC in the second crop (Brachiaria brizantha) were determined, using as nutrient sources, the green manure velvet-bean (GM) and mineral fertilization (MF). The treatments were: plant unfertilized (control), 100% of the recommended dose of MF (MF100), 5 t ha⁻¹ of GM (GM5), MF dose similar to GM5 (MF = GM5), GM5 + MF to apply the same dose of MF100 (GM5+ MF = MF100). In broccoli, no differences in canopy area, leaves number, yield, DM and NAC were detected between GM5 and control, while MF = GM5 exceeded GM5. Higher residual effect in B. brizantha was obtained with MF100 and GM5+ MF = MF100. The MF = GM5 stimulated higher RE of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S than GM5. Higher RE of N and Ca was obtained with MF100 than with GM5+ MF = MF100, both in broccoli and B. brizantha. Our results suggest that the GM affects negatively the plant growth, yield, DM, NAC and RE in sequential crops, and when is combined, it minimizes the effect of the MF. So, that same dose has a better effect when applied through MF.

摘要

第一作物（西兰花）中植物生长，产量，干物质（DM），累积（NAC）和养分恢复效率（RE）的响应及其对第二作物（Brachiaria brizantha）中DM和NAC的残留影响通过使用绿肥天鹅绒豆（GM）和矿物肥料（MF）作为营养源进行测定。处理方法为：未受精的植物（对照），推荐剂量的100％MF（MF100），5 t ha ^-1 GM（GM5），类似于GM5的MF剂量（MF = GM5），GM5 + MF施用相同剂量的MF100（GM5 + MF = MF100）。在花椰菜中，GM5和对照之间的冠层面积，叶片数，产量，DM和NAC均未检测到差异，而MF = GM5超过了GM5。B. brizantha中残留效应更高用MF100和GM5 + MF ＝ MF100获得。MF = GM5刺激的N，P，K，Ca，Mg和S的稀土元素比GM5更高。在西兰花和菜豆中，用MF100比用GM5 +获得的N和Ca的RE更高。我们的结果表明，转基因对连作作物的植物生长，产量，DM，NAC和RE产生负面影响，而将其组合使用时，其对MF的影响最小。因此，通过MF施用相同剂量的药物效果更好。