Abstract

Sequencing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome is a crucial task for controlling the ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, elucidating the pathological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in humans has been challenging. A comprehensive analysis of the molecular characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and molecular changes in COVID-19 patients may have practical significance in developing assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and formulating clinical treatment strategies against COVID-19. The omics approach for studying biochemical mechanisms can be used to elucidate the molecular characteristics and pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2. The omics-scale research on COVID-19 has been carried out rapidly, bringing hope for developing a robust diagnostic assay, discovering reliable biomarkers to assess disease progression, and developing therapeutic drugs and vaccines. In this review, we summarize, from an omics perspective, the strategies for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens and antibodies against the virus, the metabolomic and proteomic changes in COVID-19 patients, and the progress of research on anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs with their potential clinical applications.

摘要

对严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 基因组进行测序是控制正在进行的冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行的一项关键任务。然而，阐明 SARS-CoV-2 在人类中的病理机制一直具有挑战性。综合分析 SARS-CoV-2 的分子特征和 COVID-19 患者的分子变化，可能对开发检测 SARS-CoV-2 的检测方法和制定针对 COVID-19 的临床治疗策略具有实际意义。研究生化机制的组学方法可用于阐明 SARS-CoV-2 的分子特征和病理生理学。COVID-19 的组学规模研究进展迅速，为开发强大的诊断分析、发现可靠的生物标志物以评估疾病进展带来了希望，以及开发治疗药物和疫苗。在这篇综述中，我们从组学的角度总结了 SARS-CoV-2 抗原和病毒抗体的检测策略、COVID-19 患者的代谢组学和蛋白质组学变化，以及抗 SARS 的研究进展-CoV-2 药物及其潜在的临床应用。