Avian breeding sites located along shorelines may allow easy access to aquatic food sources, but risk exposing birds and nests to high wind and wave action. One measure of exposure is wind fetch, the distance of open water over which wind can blow uninterrupted. By calculating fetch weighted by prevailing wind direction for breeding colonies of pursuit‐diving seabirds in the Antarctic Peninsula, we show that different members of this guild have opposing relationships to coastline exposure. Gentoo Penguins Pygoscelis papua preferentially occupied more enclosed sites with lower fetch. Surprisingly, however, Chinstrap Penguins Pygoscelis antarcticus and Antarctic Shags Leucocarbo bransfieldensis appear to prefer more exposed sites. Although considerable research has been devoted to understanding Antarctic seabird habitat suitability, the role of wind and wave exposure has not been considered in depth, in part because comprehensive data on colony presence and absence have only recently been made available. We propose several mechanisms for why fetch may act to differentiate niches among this guild. These findings may increase our ability to identify suitable breeding areas for these and other near‐shore breeding species as they respond to climate change.

中文翻译：

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风取水在构造南极海鸟繁殖场所中的作用

沿海岸线的鸟类繁殖场所可能使人们容易获得水生食物，但有可能使鸟类和鸟巢遭受强风和大浪袭击。暴露的一种度量是风的获取，即风可以不间断吹过的开阔水域的距离。通过计算在南极半岛追逐潜水海鸟繁殖地的流行风向加权取值，我们表明该行会的不同成员与海岸线暴露有相反的关系。Gentoo企鹅Pygoscelis papua优先以较低的获取率占据更多的封闭地点。令人惊讶的是，Chinstrap企鹅Pygoscelis antarcticus和南极粗毛Leucocarbo bransfieldensis似乎更喜欢暴露的网站。尽管已进行了大量研究来了解南极海鸟栖息地的适宜性，但尚未深入考虑风浪影响的作用，部分原因是最近才获得了有关种群存在和缺乏的全面数据。我们提出了几种机制，说明为什么提取可能会在该行会中区分不同的领域。这些发现可能会增强我们为这些和其他近岸繁殖物种识别气候变化时合适的繁殖区域的能力。