Abstract

Different concentrations of Citrus aurantium with deoxyribonucleic acid as additive (Citrus aurantium_DNA) were co-deposited with nickel via electrodeposition. The coatings were formed in an aqueous nickel bath with the incorporation of Citrus aurantium_DNA concentrations at different temperatures, and the influence of the acid and the temperature on the microstructure of the coatings was studied. The data via adsorption isotherms were also analyzed. The characteristics of the morphological structure of the coatings were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that Citrus aurantium_DNA additives were evenly dispersed on the mild steel surface during the nickel coatings deposition; a current density of 1.5 A/dm³ used during the electrolysis process was favourable in attaining the maximum coating efficiency (~70%) at 25°C and 20 mg/L of Citrus aurantium_DNA. The optimum temperature for electroplating was found to be 25°C. The data spawned from the adsorption Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms showed two preferred temperatures: i.e. 25 and 40°C via the former and 55 and 70°C via the latter. The thermodynamic assessment confirms that the adsorption mechanism of the Citrus aurantium_DNA additive in a Ni electrolyte solution on mild steel in an HCl solution is physisorption at the investigated temperatures. X-ray diffraction revealed some broad peaks signifying an amorphous structure at all Citrus aurantium_DNA concentrations.

中文翻译：

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柑桔中脱氧核糖核酸作为添加剂的低碳钢上镍电镀的热力学，吸附等温线和电化学研究

摘要

不同浓度的枳壳与脱氧核糖核酸作为添加剂（枳壳_DNA）共沉积通过电沉积镍。通过在不同温度下掺入Ci橙_DNA浓度在含水镍浴中形成涂层，并研究了酸和温度对涂层微观结构的影响。还分析了通过吸附等温线的数据。通过扫描电子显微镜检查涂层的形态结构的特征。结果表明，柑桔_DNA在镍涂层沉积过程中，添加剂均匀地分散在低碳钢表面上；电解过程中使用的电流密度1.5 A / dm ³有利于在25°C和20 mg / L的柑桔_DNA上获得最大包被效率（〜70％）。发现电镀的最佳温度为25℃。从吸附弗氏和等温线产生的数据显示出两个优选的温度：即前者为25和40°C，后者为55和70°C。热力学评估证实了柑桔_DNA的吸附机理在研究温度下，低碳钢在HCl溶液中的镍电解质溶液中添加的添加剂会发生物理吸附。X射线衍射显示一些宽峰，表明在所有柑桔_DNA浓度下均为无定形结构。