Abstract

The review deals with the development and production of synthetic additives to lubricating oils and plastic lubricants, influencing the friction and wear of metal surfaces. The state of the art of the synthesis and use of such additives based on organic, organoelement, and metal-containing compounds is considered. New synthetic routes to relatively safe and low-toxic compounds with minimal content of environmentally harmful elements (chlorine, phosphorus, sulfur, metals) are described, and their use as antiwear additives to lubricating materials is analyzed. Despite large number of the suggested new antiwear additives, it is difficult to expect that an optimum combination of tribological properties will be reached in a molecule of a single additive as in the case of additives based on zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates.

中文翻译：

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润滑材料的环境安全抗磨添加剂的合成：最新技术和前景

摘要

该综述涉及润滑油和塑料润滑剂的合成添加剂的开发和生产，从而影响金属表面的摩擦和磨损。考虑了基于有机，有机元素和含金属的化合物的此类添加剂的合成和使用的现有技术。描述了一种新的合成途径，该途径可合成出相对安全且低毒的化合物，其对环境有害的元素（氯，磷，硫，金属）的含量最少，并分析了它们作为润滑材料的抗磨添加剂的用途。尽管提出了许多建议的新型抗磨添加剂，但很难像在基于二烷基二硫代磷酸锌的添加剂的情况下，在单一添加剂的分子中达到摩擦性能的最佳组合。