Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs) have become an established and recognised practice for guaranteeing good quality ontology engineering. There are several ODP repositories where ODPs are shared as well as ontology design methodologies recommending their reuse. Performing rigorous testing is recommended as well for supporting ontology maintenance and validating the resulting resource against its motivating requirements. Nevertheless, it is less than straightforward to find guidelines on how to apply such methodologies for developing domain-specific knowledge graphs. ArCo is the knowledge graph of Italian Cultural Heritage and has been developed by using eXtreme Design (XD), an ODP- and test-driven methodology. During its development, XD has been adapted to the need of the CH domain e.g. gathering requirements from an open, diverse community of consumers, a new ODP has been defined and many have been specialised to address specific CH requirements. This paper presents ArCo and describes how to apply XD to the development and validation of a CH knowledge graph, also detailing the (intellectual) process implemented for matching the encountered modelling problems to ODPs. Relevant contributions also include a novel web tool for supporting unit-testing of knowledge graphs, a rigorous evaluation of ArCo, and a discussion of methodological lessons learned during ArCo’s development.

中文翻译：

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基于模式的设计应用于文化遗产知识图

本体设计模式（ODP）已成为一种公认的实践，可以保证高质量的本体工程。有多个ODP共享ODP的存储库，以及建议其重用的本体设计方法。建议也执行严格的测试，以支持本体维护并根据其动机要求验证所得资源。尽管如此，要找到有关如何将这些方法应用于开发特定领域知识图谱的指导方针并不容易。ArCo是意大利文化遗产的知识图，它是使用eDtreme Design（XD）开发的，这是一种ODP和测试驱动的方法。在开发过程中，XD已经适应了CH域的需求，例如从开放的，在不同的消费者社区中，已经定义了新的ODP，并且许多ODP已专门用于满足特定的CH要求。本文介绍了ArCo，并介绍了如何将XD应用到CH知识图的开发和验证中，还详细介绍了为将遇到的建模问题与ODP相匹配而实现的（智力）过程。相关的贡献还包括用于支持知识图的单元测试的新颖的Web工具，对ArCo的严格评估以及对在ArCo开发过程中获得的方法学教训的讨论。还详细介绍了为将遇到的建模问题与ODP相匹配而实现的（智力）过程。相关的贡献还包括用于支持知识图的单元测试的新颖的Web工具，对ArCo的严格评估以及对在ArCo开发过程中获得的方法学教训的讨论。还详细介绍了为将遇到的建模问题与ODP相匹配而实现的（智力）过程。相关的贡献还包括用于支持知识图的单元测试的新颖的Web工具，对ArCo的严格评估以及对在ArCo开发过程中获得的方法学教训的讨论。