Prototype and physical scale numerical models were created using OpenSees to simulate centrifuge experiments representing a sloping ground condition in accordance with LEAP-Asia-2019 guidelines. The PM4Sand constitutive model calibrated for Ottawa F65 sand was used. Simulated results showed reasonable agreement between prototype and physical centrifuge test scale models. Modeling fundamental characteristics of the centrifuge experiment, e.g., direction of shaking relative to the axis of centrifuge, was found to be an important factor in achieving a better match between numerical and experimental results for the simulation of the prototype model. A preliminary study on the use of generalized scaling laws showed that models with higher initial stresses predict larger lateral displacements. Additionally, examination of stress histories recorded in simulations and experiments indicated higher cyclic stress ratios and static shear stresses are required for proper calibration of constitutive model parameters.

根据LEAP-Asia-2019指南，使用OpenSees创建了原型和物理比例数值模型，以模拟代表倾斜地面条件的离心机实验。使用针对渥太华F65砂校准的PM4Sand本构模型。仿真结果表明原型和物理离心测试规模模型之间的合理一致性。发现对离心机实验的基本特征建模，例如相对于离心机轴的摇动方向，是在数值和实验结果之间实现更好匹配以模拟原型模型的重要因素。使用广义比例定律的初步研究表明，具有较高初始应力的模型预测较大的横向位移。另外，