Nano Communication Networks ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 , DOI: 10.1016/j.nancom.2020.100338 Santhiya Devi R. , Thenmozhi K. , John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan , Rengarajan Amirtharajan , Padmapriya Praveenkumar
In the present scenario of Nano communication technology, Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) is a demanding Quantum concept to communicate information using quantum dots. This paper presents a novel QCA architecture employing majority gates in cross-coupled and cross-oriented structures in QCA designer platform. The selection of the structures in-turn depends on the minimum number of QCA cell usage. In the proposed methodology, an optimised Random Key Generator (RKG) has been constructed using QCA by employing a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) as a select input to the 2:1 MUX. The MUX generates a random key by selecting either Galois Ring Oscillators (GRO) or Fibonacci Ring Oscillators (FRO). Further, the proposed scheme reduces the Flip flop usage into EXOR gates and wire as compared to the conventional design. The clock circuitry used in the QCA platform would decide the initial seed to the FROs, GROs and the LFSR circuitry in QCA which makes the output Random Key Sequence truly unpredictable. The generated random numbers are used as a key to encode the pixels in the image which enhances the security. Further, the encoded image pixels are encrypted using DeoxyriboNucleic Acid (DNA) encryption algorithm to render confusion, permutation and diffusion by adopting various rule sets. Image encryption metrics like correlation, entropy, Number of Pixel Change Rate (NPCR) and Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI) were computed. Also, power and parameter analysis of the proposed QCA were estimated. From the computed metrics, it is proven that the proposed Nanostructure can be the potential aspirant for the future secured Nano communication.
中文翻译:
MUX诱导的环形振荡器,用于通过量子点元胞自动机进行加密的纳米通信
在纳米通信技术的当前情况下,量子细胞自动机(QCA)是一种要求严格的量子概念,用于使用量子点进行信息通信。本文提出了一种新颖的QCA体系结构,该体系结构在QCA Designer平台中的交叉耦合和交叉定向结构中采用了多数门。依次选择结构取决于QCA电池使用的最小数量。在提出的方法中,通过使用线性反馈移位寄存器(LFSR)作为2:1 MUX的选择输入,使用QCA构建了优化的随机密钥生成器(RKG)。MUX通过选择伽罗瓦环形振荡器(GRO)或斐波纳契环形振荡器(FRO)来生成随机密钥。此外,与常规设计相比,所提出的方案减少了触发器在EXOR门和导线中的使用。QCA平台中使用的时钟电路将决定QCA中FRO,GRO和LFSR电路的初始种子,这使得输出的随机密钥序列真正不可预测。生成的随机数用作对图像中的像素进行编码的密钥,从而增强了安全性。此外,使用脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)加密算法对编码的图像像素进行加密,以通过采用各种规则集来呈现混乱,置换和扩散。计算了图像加密指标,如相关性,熵,像素变化率数(NPCR)和统一平均变化强度(UACI)。此外,估计了拟议QCA的功率和参数分析。从计算的指标可以证明,提出的纳米结构可以成为未来安全纳米通信的潜在抱负。