A wide variety of models have been developed and used in studies of land-atmosphere interactions and the carbon cycle, with aims of data integration, sensitivity analysis, interpolation, and extrapolation. This review summarizes the achievements of model studies conducted in Asia, a focal region in the changing Earth system, especially collaborative works with the regional flux measurement network, AsiaFlux. Process-based biogeochemical models have been developed to simulate the carbon cycle, and their accuracy has been verified by comparing with carbon dioxide flux data. The development and use of data-driven (statistical and machine learning) models has further enhanced the utilization of field survey and satellite remote sensing data. Model intercomparison studies were also conducted by using the AsiaFlux dataset for uncertainty analyses and benchmarking. Other types of models, such as cropland models and trace gas emission models, are also briefly reviewed here. Finally, we discuss the present status and remaining issues in data-model integration, regional synthesis, and future projection with the models.

中文翻译：

---

陆地生态系统模型研究及其对AsiaFlux的贡献

已经开发了各种各样的模型并将其用于陆地-大气相互作用和碳循环的研究，其目的是进行数据整合，敏感性分析，内插和外推。这篇综述总结了在不断变化的地球系统的重点地区亚洲开展的模型研究取得的成就，特别是与区域通量测量网络AsiaFlux的合作成果。已经开发了基于过程的生物地球化学模型来模拟碳循环，并且通过与二氧化碳通量数据进行比较验证了其准确性。数据驱动（统计和机器学习）模型的开发和使用进一步提高了实地勘测和卫星遥感数据的利用率。还使用AsiaFlux数据集进行了模型比较研究，以进行不确定性分析和基准测试。其他类型的模型，例如农田模型和痕量气体排放模型，也在此处进行了简要回顾。最后，我们讨论了数据模型集成，区域综合以及模型的未来预测中的现状和剩余问题。