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Assessing the impact of low-technology emanators alongside long-lasting insecticidal nets to control malaria
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences ( IF 6.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-28 , DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0817
Joel Hellewell 1 , Ellie Sherrard-Smith 1 , Sheila Ogoma 2 , Thomas S Churcher 1
Affiliation  

Malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa relies on the widespread use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) or the indoor residual spraying of insecticide. Disease transmission may be maintained even when these indoor interventions are universally used as some mosquitoes will bite in the early morning and evening when people are outside. As countries seek to eliminate malaria, they can target outdoor biting using new vector control tools such as spatial repellent emanators, which emit airborne insecticide to form a protective area around the user. Field data are used to incorporate a low-technology emanator into a mathematical model of malaria transmission to predict its public health impact across a range of scenarios. Targeting outdoor biting by repeatedly distributing emanators alongside LLINs increases the chance of elimination, but the additional benefit depends on the level of anthropophagy in the local mosquito population, emanator effectiveness and the pre-intervention proportion of mosquitoes biting outdoors. High proportions of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes diminish LLIN impact because of reduced mosquito mortality. When mosquitoes are highly anthropophagic, this reduced mortality leads to more outdoor biting and a reduced additional benefit of emanators, even if emanators are assumed to retain their effectiveness in the presence of pyrethroid resistance. Different target product profiles are examined, which show the extra epidemiological benefits of spatial repellents that induce mosquito mortality.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Novel control strategies for mosquito-borne diseases’.



中文翻译:

评估低技术发射器和长效杀虫蚊帐对控制疟疾的影响

撒哈拉以南非洲的疟疾控制依赖于长效杀虫网 (LLIN) 的广泛使用或杀虫剂的室内滞留喷洒。即使这些室内干预措施被普遍使用,疾病传播也可能会持续下去,因为有些蚊子会在人们在室外的清晨和傍晚叮咬。随着各国寻求消除疟疾,他们可以使用新的病媒控制工具(例如空间驱虫剂)来针对户外叮咬,这些工具会释放空气传播的杀虫剂以在用户周围形成一个保护区域。现场数据用于将低技术发射器纳入疟疾传播的数学模型,以预测其在一系列情景中的公共卫生影响。通过在 LLIN 旁边反复分配发射器来针对户外咬伤增加了消除的机会,但额外的好处取决于当地蚊子群体的噬人水平、发射器的有效性以及在户外叮咬的蚊子的干预前比例。由于蚊子死亡率降低,高比例的拟除虫菊酯抗性蚊子减少了 LLIN 的影响。当蚊子高度食人时,这种降低的死亡率会导致更多的户外叮咬和发射器的额外好处减少,即使假设发射器在存在拟除虫菊酯抗性的情况下仍能保持其有效性。研究了不同的目标产品概况,这显示了空间驱虫剂会导致蚊子死亡的额外流行病学益处。发射器的有效性和户外叮咬蚊子的预干预比例。由于蚊子死亡率降低,高比例的拟除虫菊酯抗性蚊子减少了 LLIN 的影响。当蚊子高度食人时,这种降低的死亡率会导致更多的户外叮咬和发射器的额外好处减少,即使假设发射器在存在拟除虫菊酯抗性的情况下仍能保持其有效性。研究了不同的目标产品概况,这显示了空间驱虫剂会导致蚊子死亡的额外流行病学益处。发射器的有效性和户外叮咬蚊子的预干预比例。由于蚊子死亡率降低,高比例的拟除虫菊酯抗性蚊子减少了 LLIN 的影响。当蚊子高度食人时,这种降低的死亡率会导致更多的户外叮咬和发射器的额外好处减少,即使假设发射器在存在拟除虫菊酯抗性的情况下仍能保持其有效性。研究了不同的目标产品概况,这显示了空间驱虫剂会导致蚊子死亡的额外流行病学益处。即使假定发射器在存在拟除虫菊酯抗性的情况下仍能保持其有效性。研究了不同的目标产品概况,这显示了空间驱虫剂会导致蚊子死亡的额外流行病学益处。即使假定发射器在存在拟除虫菊酯抗性的情况下仍能保持其有效性。研究了不同的目标产品概况,这显示了空间驱虫剂会导致蚊子死亡的额外流行病学益处。

本文是主题问题“蚊媒疾病的新型控制策略”的一部分。

更新日期:2020-12-28
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