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Association of Zinc and Copper Status with Cardiovascular Diseases and their Assessment Methods: A Review Study
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-31 , DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200729160416
Mahsa Malekahmadi 1 , Safieh Firouzi 1 , Majid Rezayi 2 , Hamideh Qazizadeh 3 , Golnaz Ranjbar 1 , Gordon A. Ferns 4 , Majid Ghayour Mobarhan 3
Affiliation  

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and financial losses and has a high prevalence across the world. Several studies have investigated the association between various CVD types with zinc and copper status as the essential minerals for the human body, proposing contradictory and similar results. This narrative review aimed to survey the correlations between zinc and copper status in the human body and some risk factors of CVD, as well as the assessment methods of zinc and copper status in the human body. According to the reviewed articles, zinc and copper deficiency may increase the risk of coronary heart disease, valvular regurgitation, and myocardial lesions, cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, it could lead to the expanded mitochondrial compartments of the heart, acute and chronic heart failure, and elevation of inflammation markers, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6. Two methods are primarily used for the assessment of zinc and copper in the human body, including the direct method (measurement of their concentrations) and indirect method (determining the activity of zinc- and copper-containing enzymes). Both these methods are considered reliable for the assessment of the zinc and copper levels in healthy individuals. Serum or plasma levels of these elements are also commonly used for the assessment of the correlation between zinc and copper status and CVD. But, which one is a more accurate indicator in relation to CVD is not yet clear; therefore, further studies are required in this field.



中文翻译:

锌和铜状态与心血管疾病的关系及其评估方法:综述研究

心血管疾病(CVD)是导致死亡,发病率和财务损失的主要原因,并且在世界范围内患病率很高。多项研究调查了各种化学气相沉积类型与锌和铜状态之间的关系,锌和铜状态是人体必需的矿物质,提出了相互矛盾的结果。这篇叙述性综述旨在调查人体中锌和铜状况与某些CVD危险因素之间的相关性,以及人体中锌和铜状况的评估方法。根据评论的文章,​​锌和铜缺乏可能会增加患冠心病,瓣膜反流和心肌损害,心脏肥大的风险。此外,它可能导致心脏线粒体区室扩大,急性和慢性心力衰竭,和炎症标记,例如白介素-1(IL-1)和IL-6的升高。两种方法主要用于评估人体中的锌和铜,包括直接法(测量其浓度)和间接法(确定含锌和铜的酶的活性)。这两种方法均被认为可用于评估健康个体中的锌和铜水平。这些元素的血清或血浆水平也通常用于评估锌和铜状态与CVD之间的相关性。但是,尚不清楚哪一个是与CVD相关的更准确的指标。因此,在这一领域需要进一步的研究。两种方法主要用于评估人体中的锌和铜,包括直接法(测量其浓度)和间接法(确定含锌和铜的酶的活性)。这两种方法均被认为可用于评估健康个体中的锌和铜水平。这些元素的血清或血浆水平也通常用于评估锌和铜状态与CVD之间的相关性。但是,尚不清楚哪一个是与CVD相关的更准确的指标。因此,在这一领域需要进一步的研究。两种方法主要用于评估人体中的锌和铜,包括直接法(测量其浓度)和间接法(确定含锌和铜的酶的活性)。这两种方法均被认为可用于评估健康个体中的锌和铜水平。这些元素的血清或血浆水平也通常用于评估锌和铜状态与CVD之间的相关性。但是,尚不清楚哪一个是与CVD相关的更准确的指标。因此,在这一领域需要进一步的研究。这两种方法均被认为可用于评估健康个体中的锌和铜水平。这些元素的血清或血浆水平也通常用于评估锌和铜状态与CVD之间的相关性。但是,尚不清楚哪一个是与CVD相关的更准确的指标。因此,在这一领域需要进一步的研究。这两种方法均被认为可用于评估健康个体中的锌和铜水平。这些元素的血清或血浆水平也通常用于评估锌和铜状态与CVD之间的相关性。但是,尚不清楚哪一个是与CVD相关的更准确的指标。因此,在这一领域需要进一步的研究。

更新日期:2020-12-28
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