This article studies the efficiency of sand powder as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in improving the sulfuric acid resistance of concrete incorporated with high CaO fly ash. Besides, the effects of sand powder on compressive strength development, mitigation of carbon dioxide emission, and cost-effectiveness are addressed. Paste mixtures with W/B ratios of 0.25 and 0.40 were used in this study for the performances of sulfuric acid resistance and long-term compressive strength development. The test results indicated that sand powder could reduce the weight loss of the tested paste specimens in sulfuric acid solution with a pH of 1, compared to the control specimens, especially for the specimens incorporated with high CaO fly ash. The sand powder addition could also increase the compressive strength of cement pastes at the age of 90 days by 26.27% and 43.80% for W/B ratios of 0.25 and 0.40, respectively. The use of sand powder in the evaluated concrete mixture could also reduce CO₂ emission by 23.23% and lower the cost of the mixtures by 8.05%, compared to the control mixture. The addition of sand powder could significantly increase the sulfuric acid resistance, compressive strength, and economic benefits and reduce the CO₂ emission of high CaO fly ash-cement-based materials.

中文翻译：

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砂粉对高CaO粉煤灰混凝土耐硫酸，抗压强度，成本效益和CO2减少的影响

本文研究了沙粉作为辅助胶凝材料（SCM）在改善掺有高CaO粉煤灰的混凝土中的耐硫酸性的效率。此外，还解决了沙粉对抗压强度发展，减少二氧化碳排放以及成本效益的影响。W / B比为0.25和0.40的糊状混合物用于这项研究，以提高耐硫酸性能和长期抗压强度。试验结果表明，与对照样品相比，砂粉可以减少硫酸盐溶液在pH为1的硫酸溶液中的重量损失，特别是对于掺有高CaO粉煤灰的样品。W / B比分别为0.25和0.40时，添加沙粉还可以使90天龄水泥浆的抗压强度分别提高26.27％和43.80％。在评估的混凝土混合物中使用沙粉还可以减少二氧化碳₂发射由23.23％和8.05％降低混合物的成本，相比于对照混合物。砂粉的添加可以显着提高耐硫酸性，抗压强度和经济效益，并降低高CaO粉煤灰水泥基材料的CO ₂排放量。