ABSTRACT

Introduction: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the major complications arising from hyperglycaemia in diabetic patients. In recent years polyphenols present in plants have gained attention to treat DN. The main advantages associated with them are their action via different molecular pathways to manage DN and their safety. However, they failed to gain clinical attention due to challenges associated with their formulation development such as lipophilicity,poor bioavailability, rapid systemic elimination, and enzymatic degradation.

Area covered: This article includes different polyphenols that have shown their potential against DN in preclinical studies and the research carried out towards development of their nanoformulations in order to overcome aforementioned issues.

Expert opinion: In this review various polyphenol based nanoformulations such as nanospheres, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems, niosomes, electrospun nanofibers, metallic nanoparticles explored exclusively to treat DN are discussed. However, the literature available related to polyphenol based nanoformulations to treat DN is limited. Moreover, these experiments are limited to preclinical studies. Hence, more focus is required towards development of nanoformulations using simple and single step process as well as inexpensive and non-toxic excipients so that a stable, scalable, reproducible and non-toxic formulation could be achieved and clinical trials could be initiated.

摘要

简介：糖尿病神经病（DN）是糖尿病患者高血糖症引起的主要并发症之一。近年来，植物中存在的多酚已引起人们对治疗DN的关注。与它们相关的主要优点是它们通过不同的分子途径来控制DN及其安全性。然而，由于与它们的制剂开发相关的挑战，例如亲脂性，不良的生物利用度，快速的全身清除和酶促降解，它们未能获得临床关注。

涵盖的领域：本文包括不同的多酚，这些多酚在临床前研究和开发其纳米制剂以克服上述问题的研究中显示出其对DN的潜力。

专家意见：在本综述中，讨论了各种基于多酚的纳米制剂，例如纳米球，自纳米乳化的药物递送系统，脂质体，电纺纳米纤维，专为治疗DN而开发的金属纳米颗粒。然而，与基于多酚的纳米制剂治疗DN有关的可用文献有限。而且，这些实验仅限于临床前研究。因此，需要更加关注使用简单，一步法以及廉价和无毒的赋形剂开发纳米制剂的方法，以便获得稳定，可扩展，可再现和无毒的制剂，并可以启动临床试验。