Alaska is among northern high‐latitude regions where accelerated climate change is expected to impact streamflow properties, including seasonality and primary flow drivers. Evaluating changes to streamflow, including flood characteristics, across this large and diverse environment can be improved by identifying the distribution and influence of flow drivers. Using metrics of mean monthly streamflow data from 253 streamgages, seasonal flow regimes were clustered to guide identification of seasonal flow drivers and form hydrologic groups for identification of peak‐flow populations. Nine seasonally distinct subclasses described variability within three classes dominated by (mostly fall) rainfall, (spring) snowmelt, and (summer) high‐elevation melt. The most glacierized basins exclusively grouped into high‐elevation melt subclasses, and less glacierized basins sometimes exhibited seasonal patterns aligned with rainfall‐dominated and snowmelt‐dominated regimes. Peak‐flow populations varied by subclass from dominant rainfall or dominant snowmelt to mixed rainfall–snowmelt or mixed rainfall, snowmelt, and high‐elevation melt. Within subclasses, rainfall generated higher mean peak flows (relative to mean annual flow) than snowmelt or high‐elevation melt. Seasonal flow regimes showed clear but complex associations with basin characteristics, primarily elevation and winter temperature, and with geographic location. These dependencies provided elevation‐based analogies for changes associated with warming and insights for seasonal flow regime prediction and hydrologic region delineation. These results provide a spatially comprehensive perspective on seasonal streamflow drivers across Alaska from historical data and serve as an important historical basis for analysis.

中文翻译：

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确定阿拉斯加每日流量和高峰流量的季节性流量制度和流量驱动因素

阿拉斯加是北部高纬度地区之一，预计气候变化加速将影响河流流量特性，包括季节性和主要流量驱动因素。通过识别流量驱动因素的分布和影响，可以改善评估在这个庞大而多样的环境中的流量变化（包括洪水特征）的能力。使用来自253条流量的平均每月流量数据的度量标准，对季节性流量方案进行聚类，以指导季节性流量驱动程序的识别，并形成水文组以识别高峰流量人口。九个季节性不同的子类别描述了三个类别中的变异性，这些类别主要是（主要是秋季）降雨，（春季）融雪和（夏季）高海拔融化。最冰川化的盆地专门分为高海拔熔体子类，而较少冰川化的盆地有时会表现出与降雨为主和融雪为主的季节相一致的季节性模式。子类别的峰值流量人口从主要降雨或主要融雪到混合降雨－融雪或混合降雨，融雪和高海拔融化。在子类中，降雨产生的平均峰值流量（相对于年平均流量）要高于融雪或高海拔融雪。季节性流态显示与盆地特征（主要是海拔和冬季温度）以及地理位置之间存在清晰但复杂的关联。这些依赖性为与变暖相关的变化提供了基于海拔的类比，并为季节性流态预测和水文区域划分提供了见识。