In this paper, we visit the thermodynamic criticality and thermodynamic curvature of the charged AdS black hole in a new phase space. It is shown that when the square of the total charge of the charged black hole is considered as a thermodynamic quantity, the charged AdS black hole also admits a van der Waals-type critical behavior without the help of thermodynamic pressure and thermodynamic volume. Based on this, we study the fine phase structures of the charged AdS black hole with fixed AdS background in the new framework. On the one hand, we give the phase diagram structures of the charged AdS black hole accurately and analytically, which fills up the gap in dealing with the phase transition of the charged AdS black holes by taking the square of the charge as a thermodynamic quantity. On the other hand, we analyse the thermodynamic curvature of the black hole in two coordinate spaces. The thermodynamic curvatures obtained in two different coordinate spaces are equivalent to each other and are also positive. Based on an empirical conclusion under the framework of thermodynamic geometry, we speculate that when the square of charge is treated as an independent thermodynamic quantity, the charged AdS black hole is likely to present a repulsive between its molecules. More importantly, based on the thermodynamic curvature, we obtain a universal exponent at the critical point of phase transition.

在本文中，我们访问了新相空间中带电的AdS黑洞的热力学临界度和热力学曲率。结果表明，当将带电黑洞的总电荷的平方视为热力学量时，带电的AdS黑洞在没有热力学压力和热力学体积的帮助下也具有范德华式临界行为。基于此，我们在新框架下研究了带固定AdS背景的带电AdS黑洞的精细相结构。一方面，我们准确，解析地给出了带电的AdS黑洞的相图结构，以电荷的平方作为热力学量，填补了带电的AdS黑洞相变的空白。另一方面，我们分析了两个坐标空间中黑洞的热力学曲率。在两个不同的坐标空间中获得的热力学曲率彼此相等，也为正。基于热力学几何学框架下的经验结论，我们推测，当将电荷平方视为独立的热力学量时，带电的AdS黑洞很可能在其分子之间产生排斥。更重要的是，基于热力学曲率，我们在相变的临界点获得了通用指数。我们推测，当将电荷平方视为一个独立的热力学量时，带电的AdS黑洞很可能在其分子之间产生排斥。更重要的是，基于热力学曲率，我们在相变的临界点获得了通用指数。我们推测，当将电荷平方视为一个独立的热力学量时，带电的AdS黑洞很可能在其分子之间产生排斥。更重要的是，基于热力学曲率，我们在相变的临界点获得了通用指数。