Abstract

Modeling the carbon cycle in forests is often restricted by modeling the main components, including emissions (respiration of soils and debris) and production (deposition of carbon in plants and soils). In this study we examine the applicability of various versions of the T&P model to estimate monthly, seasonal, and annual fluxes of CO₂ from the sod-podzolic soil in the mixed forest of the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve, Moscow oblast. The model is parameterized and verified, and the accuracy is tested using a database of 20 years of monitoring CO₂ emissions from soils and independent weather variables, including mean monthly air temperature and monthly precipitation. Numeric experiments show that all versions of the T&P model (both initial and parameterized by training sets at different temporal intervals) satisfactorily describe the long-term dynamics of mean monthly respiration of the sod-podzolic soil under forest cover (SRm). Parameterization of the T&P model with experimental data as a training set practically does not improve the quality of modeling in any of the test intervals. The use of weather data averaged over 20 years for the calculation of SRmod-mean and estimates of seasonal and annual soil fluxes of CO₂ on their basis (SeSRmod-mean) in most cases overestimates the corresponding experimentally obtained values (SeSRexp). SeSRmod-mean for annual, summer, and winter soil CO₂ fluxes are on average 4.5–6.7% higher than SeSRexp, and SeSRmod-mean for the warm season shows an overestimation of approximately 3%. The largest discrepancy of calculated estimates to experimental data is found for the spring period: the overestimation amounts to ~22%. Thus, the use of weather data averaged over 20 years has shown the applicability of an ensemble of versions of the T&P model for estimating seasonal and annual fluxes of CO₂ from soil in a humid continental climate.

中文翻译：

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Prioksko-Terrasny自然保护区的森林草皮土壤呼吸作用的实验和模型估算

摘要

对森林中碳循环的建模通常受限于对主要成分的建模，包括排放（土壤和碎屑的呼吸）和生产（植物和土壤中的碳沉积）。在这项研究中，我们研究了T＆P模型的各种版本的适用性，以估算莫斯科州Prioksko-Terrasny自然保护区混交林中草皮土壤中CO _2的月度，季节和年度通量。对模型进行参数设置和验证，并使用20年监测CO ₂的数据库对准确性进行测试来自土壤的排放和独立的天气变量，包括平均每月气温和每月降水量。数值实验表明，T＆P模式（初始和在不同的时间间隔训练集参数）的所有版本中很好地描述森林覆盖率（下草皮灰化土的月平均呼吸的长期动态SRM）。使用实验数据作为训练集的T＆P模型的参数化实际上并不能提高任何测试间隔中的建模质量。使用20年中的平均天气数据来计算SRmod平均值，并以此为基础估算季节和年度的CO ₂通量（SeSRmod-mean）在大多数情况下会高估相应的实验获得的值（SeSRexp）。SeSRmod均值年度，夏季，冬季土壤CO ₂通量平均高于4.5-6.7％SeSRexp和SeSRmod均值为温暖的季节节目约3％的高估。在春季期间，发现计算得出的估计值与实验数据的最大差异：高估了〜22％。因此，使用平均20年以上的天气数据已显示出T＆P模型版本合集的适用性，以估算潮湿大陆性气候中土壤中的CO _2的季节性和年度通量。