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New opportunities and challenges in surveying underground cavities using photogrammetric methods
International Journal of Mining Science and Technology ( IF 11.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2020.12.005
Malte J.M. Gurgel , Axel Preusse

The exploitation of the underground is currently undergoing a major transformation process. Besides mining, alternative ways of utilization are playing an increasingly important role. These alternative utilizations include the storage of gases, the disposal of radioactive wastes, and the implementation of geothermal storage facilities. In addition, more and more mining operations are being shut down, like the German hard coal mining industry in 2018. But the integrity of closed mines must be ensured in the post-mining phase. In order to capture such large and complex structures efficiently and reliably, new surveying techniques are required. A promising approach is the use of photogrammetric methods to generate three-dimensional models of the cavity. Photogrammetry is currently known mainly from aerial photography. It is conceivable to use such methods for underground applications. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the algorithm-based orientation of unstructured image sets. More powerful computer systems and the growing range of unmanned aerial vehicles could enable partially automated capture. However, a number of problems have to be solved for underground imaging techniques. Unfavorable exposure conditions complicate image alignment. Furthermore, the models must be integrated into existing surveying systems with a sufficiently high degree of accuracy. In order to consider the numerous technical aspects, the development of an integrated capture and evaluation approach is necessary. This could make an important contribution to the monitoring of critical cavities of different commodities. Such an approach would also fit into the current digitization trend in the mining industry and provide new opportunities for ground control in particular.



中文翻译:

使用摄影测量法勘测地下洞室的新机遇和挑战

地下开采目前正在进行重大的改造过程。除了采矿以外,其他利用方式也起着越来越重要的作用。这些替代利用包括气体存储,放射性废物的处理以及地热存储设施的实施。此外,越来越多的采矿业务被关闭,例如2018年德国的硬煤采矿业。但是,必须在采矿后阶段确保封闭矿井的完整性。为了有效,可靠地捕获如此大而复杂的结构,需要新的测量技术。一种有前途的方法是使用摄影测量方法来生成空腔的三维模型。目前,摄影术主要从航空摄影中获知。可以想到将这种方法用于地下应用。近年来,在基于算法的非结构化图像集方向方面取得了重大进展。功能更强大的计算机系统和不断增长的无人驾驶飞机范围可以实现部分自动捕获。但是,地下成像技术必须解决许多问题。不利的曝光条件会使图像对齐变得复杂。此外,必须将模型以足够高的准确度集成到现有的测量系统中。为了考虑众多技术方面,有必要开发一种集成的捕获和评估方法。这可以为监视不同商品的关键腔做出重要贡献。

更新日期:2021-02-15
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