Buried volcanoes and igneous intrusions of Cretaceous to Pleistocene age are widespread in the Canterbury Basin, New Zealand. Interpretation of 2D and 3D seismic reflection lines correlated to petroleum exploration wells reveal over 185 buried volcanic systems formed in association with tectonic activity since the separation of Zealandia from Eastern Gondwana. We characterise these volcanoes according to their size, age and spatial distribution. Small-volume scattered monogenetic (<10 km³) and polygenetic vents (>10 km³) erupted during ~105–85, ~65–13 and ~ 5–1 Ma time intervals. In contrast, large polygenetic volcanic complexes (>100 km³ of erupted magma) formed from ~85–66 and ~ 13–5 Ma. Magmatic intrusions are widespread in the basin, where they are commonly emplaced into Cretaceous to Eocene sedimentary strata. The eruption rates within the offshore Canterbury Basin varied through time, reaching maximum values of ~58–127 km³/Myr immediately after the onset of Late Cretaceous Gondwana break-up (~85–66 Ma) and in the Mid-Late Miocene (~15–5 Ma). Late Cretaceous volcanism may reflect the far-field (>600 km) manifestation of volcanism along the Antarctica-Zealandia spreading centre. Vents and intrusions are located near Cretaceous rift faults which, in some cases act as conduits for magma to ascend to the surface.

在新西兰的坎特伯雷盆地，埋有白垩纪至更新世时代的火山和火成岩侵入体。对与石油勘探井相关的2D和3D地震反射线的解释显示，自西兰德雅人从冈瓦纳东部分离以来，与构造活动相关的185个以上的埋藏火山系统。我们根据火山的大小，年龄和空间分布对其进行表征。在〜105-85，〜65-13和〜5-1Ma的时间间隔内爆发了小体积的散布单基因（<10 km ³）和多基因喷口（> 10 km ³）。相比之下，大型多基因火山复合体（> 100 km ³岩浆喷发）形成于〜85–66和〜13–5 Ma。岩浆侵入在该盆地中很普遍，通常位于白垩纪至始新世沉积地层。沿海坎特伯雷盆地的喷发率随时间变化，在晚白垩世冈瓦纳破裂（约85-66 Ma）和中新世中期（约85-127 Ma 3）爆发后立即达到约58-127 km ³ / Myr的最大值。〜15-5 Ma）。白垩纪晚期的火山活动可能反映了沿南极-Zealandia扩散中心的远场火山活动（> 600 km）。通风孔和侵入体位于白垩纪裂谷断层附近，在某些情况下可作为岩浆上升到地表的管道。