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Nasal microbiome research in ANCA-associated vasculitis: Strengths, limitations, and future directions
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.031
Andreas Kronbichler 1, 2 , Ewan M Harrison 2, 3, 4 , Josef Wagner 5
Affiliation  

The human nasal microbiome is characterized by biodiversity and undergoes changes during the span of life. In granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), the persistent nasal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) assessed by culture-based detection methods has been associated with increased relapse frequency. Different research groups have characterized the nasal microbiome in patients with GPA and found that patients have a distinct nasal microbiome compared to controls, but the reported results between studies differed. In order to increase comparability, there is a need to standardize patient selection, sample preparation, and analytical methodology; particularly as low biomass samples like those obtained by nasal swabbing are impacted by reagent contamination. Optimization in obtaining a sample and processing with the inclusion of critical controls is needed for consistent comparative studies. Ongoing studies will analyze the nasal microbiome in GPA in a longitudinal way and the results will inform whether or not targeted antimicrobial management in a clinical trial should be pursued or not. This review focuses on the proposed role of S. aureus in GPA, the (healthy) nasal microbiome, findings in the first pilot studies in GPA, and will discuss future strategies.



中文翻译:

ANCA 相关血管炎的鼻腔微生物组研究:优势、局限性和未来方向

人类鼻腔微生物群的特点是生物多样性,并在整个生命周期中发生变化。在肉芽肿性多血管炎 (GPA) 中,金黄色葡萄球菌( S. aureus ) 的持续鼻腔定植) 通过基于培养的检测方法评估与复发频率增加有关。不同的研究小组对 GPA 患者的鼻腔微生物群进行了表征,发现与对照组相比,患者具有不同的鼻腔微生物群,但研究之间报告的结果不同。为了增加可比性,需要标准化患者选择、样品制备和分析方法;特别是通过鼻拭子获得的低生物量样品会受到试剂污染的影响。为了进行一致的比较研究,需要优化获取样本和处理并包含关键控制。正在进行的研究将以纵向方式分析 GPA 中的鼻腔微生物组,结果将告知是否应在临床试验中进行有针对性的抗菌管理。本次审查的重点是拟议的角色GPA 中的金黄色葡萄球菌,(健康的)鼻腔微生物组,在 GPA 的第一个试点研究中的发现,并将讨论未来的策略。

更新日期:2021-01-06
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