Returning crop straw into farmland is an important application and effective soil amendment method as it can increase soil organic matter to improve soil fertility and crop yield. In addition, this practice can help retain soil moisture and slow down the rainfall runoff rate, particularly on sloping farmland. This study uses laboratory experiments with a silt loam soil to examine the effects of wheat straw incorporation into cultivated farmland soil on rainfall-runoff. The experiments involved four straw incorporation rates (0 (control), 2, 4, and 8 t/ha), three rainfall intensities (80, 120 and 160 mm/h) and three slope gradients (10, 15 and 20°), carried out by a completely randomized combination design, with three repetitions. In all the experimental runs, the total rainfall amount was 100 mm per event. Our experimental results showed that the duration of runoff initiation time at straw incorporation rates of 2, 4 and 8 t/ha were increased by 1.63% to 104.93%, 6.16% to 111.67% and 15% to 141.25%, while the total runoff amounts decreased by 11.74% to 28.81%, 24.21% to 49.67% and 38.90% to 65.93%, compared with those of our control group (0 t/ha). The effects of straw incorporation on the runoff initiation delay time and runoff reduction were significant, particularly when the rainfall intensity was 120 mm/h and the slope was 10°. With increases in rainfall intensity and slope gradient, the runoff initiation time durations were decreased and the runoff rate increased. In conclusion, incorporating wheat straw into the farmland soil can delay the runoff initiation time and reduce runoff volume, to significantly increase rainwater storage into soil, thereby increasing the rainwater utilization rate and to benefit soil erosion control. This study can provide a data basis for farmland soil and water conservation research and practice.

将农作物秸秆还田是一种重要的应用和有效的土壤改良方法，因为它可以增加土壤有机质，从而提高土壤肥力和作物产量。此外，这种做法可以帮助保持土壤水分并减缓降雨径流速率，特别是在倾斜的农田上。这项研究使用粉砂壤土的实验室实验来研究将麦秸混入耕地土壤对降雨径流的影响。实验涉及四种吸管掺入率（0（对照），2、4和8 t / ha），三种降雨强度（80、120和160 mm / h）和三种坡度（10、15和20°），通过完全随机的组合设计进行，重复三个。在所有实验运行中，每次事件的总降雨量为100毫米。我们的实验结果表明，在秸秆掺入量为2、4和8 t / ha时，径流起始时间的持续时间增加了1.63％，达到104.93％，增加6.16％，达到111.67％，增加15％，达到141.25％。与我们的对照组（0吨/公顷）相比，分别下降了11.74％至28.81％，24.21％至49.67％和38.90％至65.93％。秸秆还田对径流起始延迟时间和径流减少的影响是显着的，特别是当降雨强度为120 mm / h和坡度为10°时。随着降雨强度和坡度的增加，径流开始的持续时间减少，径流速率增加。总之，将小麦秸秆掺入农田土壤可以延迟径流的起始时间并减少径流量，从而显着增加雨水在土壤中的存储，从而提高雨水利用率，有利于水土流失防治。该研究可为农田水土保持研究与实践提供数据依据。