In this study, we report the sequencing of 180 new viral genomes obtained from different municipalities of the state of Rio de Janeiro from April to December 2020. We identified a novel lineage of SARS-CoV-2, originated from B.1.1.28, distinguished by five single-nucleotide variants (SNVs): C100U, C28253U, G28628U, G28975U, and C29754U. The SNV G23012A (E484K), in the receptor-binding domain of Spike protein, was widely spread across the samples. This mutation was previously associated with escape from neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. This novel lineage emerged in late July being first detected by us in late October and still mainly restricted to the capital of the state. However, as observed for other strains it can be rapidly spread in the state. The significant increase in the frequency of this lineage raises concerns about public health management and continuous need for genomic surveillance during the second wave of infections.

中文翻译：

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来自巴西里约热内卢的新型SARS-CoV-2谱系的基因组表征

在这项研究中，我们报告了从2020年4月至2020年12月从里约热内卢州不同城市获得的180个新病毒基因组的测序。我们鉴定了SARS-CoV-2的新谱系，起源于B.1.1.28，通过五个单核苷酸变体（SNV）区分：C100U，C28253U，G28628U，G28975U和C29754U。SNV G23012A（E484K）在Spike蛋白的受体结合域中，广泛分布在整个样品中。该突变先前与逃避针对SARS-CoV-2的中和抗体有关。这种新颖的血统出现在7月下旬，是我们在10月下旬首次发现的，但仍然主要局限于该州的首都。但是，正如其他菌株所观察到的，它可以在该状态下迅速扩散。