This study aimed to examine the effects of ethanol-soluble components (Es) in soybean meal (SBM) on gut content transit, bile acid (BA) and pancreatic digestive enzyme secretions, nutrient apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC), liver and intestinal morphologies, and growth performance of pompano (Trachinotus blochii). The SBM was extracted with aqueous ethanol, then the supernatant and residue were separated and dried to produce ethanol-extracted SBM (ESBM) and the Es. Four experimental diets were formulated with fish meal (FM), ESBM and SBM as main dietary protein sources. The diets were denoted as follows: FMD (FM diet), SBMD (SBM diet), ESBMD (ESBM diet) and ESBM + EsD (ESBM plus Es diet). Thirty-five fingerling pompano with an initial body weight (BW) of 18.3 g were allocated to each of 12 polyvinyl chloride tanks (1000-L holding capacity), resulting in triplicate tanks per dietary treatment. For 10 weeks, the fish were hand-fed the experimental diets to apparent satiation twice daily. The results showed that the final BW, weight gain and specific growth rate were significantly lower, while the feed conversion ratio was higher in the SBMD and ESBM + EsD groups than in the ESBMD and FMD groups (p < 0.05). Fish fed SBMD and ESBM + EsD showed accelerated gastric transit, slowed intestinal mobility, and lowered secretions of BAs and pancreatic digestive enzymes as compared to those fed ESBMD and FMD. Morphological abnormalities in mucosal folds of the posterior intestine, but not the liver, were clearly observed in the SBMD and ESBM + EsD groups. These results indicated that the Es in SBM inhibited the digestive system, leading to decreased nutrient digestibility and growth performance in pompano. The findings of the present study suggested that removal of the Es would effectively improve the nutritional quality of SBM and enhance growth performance of pompano fed a SBM-based diet.

中文翻译：

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豆粕中的乙醇可溶性成分影响海鱼 pompano (Trachinotus blochii) 的消化生理、肝脏和肠道形态以及生长性能

本研究旨在检测豆粕 (SBM) 中乙醇可溶性成分 (Es) 对肠道内容物转运、胆汁酸 (BA) 和胰腺消化酶分泌、营养物质表观消化率 (ADC)、肝脏和肠道形态的影响，鲳 ( Trachinotus blochii) 的生长性能）。用乙醇水溶液提取 SBM，然后将上清液和残留物分离并干燥，以产生乙醇提取的 SBM (ESBM) 和 Es。以鱼粉 (FM)、ESBM 和 SBM 作为主要膳食蛋白质来源配制了四种实验日粮。饮食表示如下：FMD（FM饮食）、SBMD（SBM饮食）、ESBMD（ESBM饮食）和ESBM+EsD（ESBM加Es饮食）。将初始体重 (BW) 为 18.3 克的 35 条鲳鱼鱼种分配到 12 个聚氯乙烯水箱（1000 升容量）中的每一个，从而导致每次日粮处理三个水箱。10 周内，每天两次手工喂鱼以达到明显的饱腹感。结果表明，最终BW、增重和比生长率显着降低，p  < 0.05)。与饲喂 ESBMD 和 FMD 的鱼相比，饲喂 SBMD 和 ESBM + EsD 的鱼显示出加速的胃转运、减慢的肠道活动以及降低 BA 和胰腺消化酶的分泌。在 SBMD 和 ESBM + EsD 组中，可以清楚地观察到后肠粘膜皱襞的形态学异常，而不是肝脏。这些结果表明 SBM 中的 Es 抑制了消化系统，导致 pompano 的养分消化率和生长性能降低。本研究的结果表明，去除 Es 将有效提高 SBM 的营养质量，并提高以 SBM 为基础的饮食喂养的 pompano 的生长性能。