We continue to analyze basic constraints on the human decision making from the viewpoint of quantum measurement theory (QMT). As it has been found, the conventional QMT based on the projection postulate cannot account for the combination of the question order effect (QOE) and the response replicability effect (RRE). This was an alarming finding for quantum-like modeling of decision making. Recently, it was shown that this difficulty can be resolved by using of the general QMT based on quantum instruments. In the present paper we analyze the problem of the combination of QOE, RRE, and the well-known QQ-equality (QQE). This equality was derived by Busemeyer and Wang, and it was shown (in a joint paper with Solloway and Shiffrin) that statistical data from many social opinion polls satisfy it. Here we construct quantum instruments satisfying QOE, RRE and QQE. The general features of our approach are formalized with postulates that generalize (the Wang–Busemeyer) postulates for quantum-like modeling of decision making. Moreover, we show that our model closely reproduces the statistics of the well-known Clinton–Gore Poll data with a prior belief state independent of the question order. This model successfully corrects for the order effect in the data to determine the “genuine” distribution of the opinions in the Poll. The paper also provides an accessible introduction to the theory of quantum instruments — the most general mathematical framework for quantum measurements.

我们将从量子测量理论（QMT）的角度继续分析对人类决策制定的基本限制。现已发现，基于投影假设的传统QMT无法解决问题顺序效应（QOE）和响应可重复性效应（RRE）的组合。对于类似量子决策的模型而言，这是一个令人震惊的发现。最近，显示出可以通过使用基于量子仪器的常规QMT来解决此难题。在本文中，我们分析了QOE，RRE和著名的QQ平等（QQE）结合的问题。这种平等性是由Busemeyer和Wang推导出来的，并且（与Solloway和Shiffrin联合发表的论文）表明，许多社会民意测验的统计数据都满足此要求。在这里，我们构造满足QOE的量子仪器，RRE和QQE。我们的方法的一般特征通过假设进行了形式化（Wang–Busemeyer），以进行类似量子的决策建模。此外，我们表明，我们的模型紧密复制了众所周知的Clinton-Gore Poll数据的统计数据，并具有与问题顺序无关的先验信念状态。该模型成功地纠正了数据中的顺序效应，从而确定了民意调查中意见的“真实”分布。本文还提供了有关量子仪器理论的无障碍介绍-量子测量的最通用数学框架。我们表明，我们的模型紧密地复制了具有独立于问题顺序的先验信念状态的著名克林顿-戈尔投票数据的统计数据。该模型成功地纠正了数据中的顺序效应，从而确定了民意测验中意见的“真实”分布。本文还提供了有关量子仪器理论的无障碍介绍-量子测量的最通用数学框架。我们表明，我们的模型密切复制了已知的克林顿-戈尔民意测验数据的统计数据，且其先验信念状态与问题顺序无关。该模型成功地纠正了数据中的顺序效应，从而确定了民意测验中意见的“真实”分布。本文还提供了有关量子仪器理论的无障碍介绍-量子测量的最通用数学框架。