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Geoarchaeology of the Derkul River floodplain, west Kazakhstan: Soil formation, sediment accumulation and human settlement
The Holocene ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 , DOI: 10.1177/0959683620981720
Denis Aleksandrovich Gavrilov 1 , Talgat Bazarbaevich Mamirov 2
Affiliation  

The natural environment and prehistoric human activity in the Holocene floodplains of the Low Volga River and in the southern Urals are important research objects in geomorphology, soil science and archaeology. The alternating sequences of soil-alluvium sequences represent a sedimentary archive with chrono-stratigraphic records of human land use, sediment accumulation and soil formation. The central floodplain of the Derkul River (western Kazakhstan) was studied using the multiproxy approach to investigate the soil-alluvium sequence dating from 8000 years ago until the present and containing a buried Stagnic Fluvic Phaeozem. Alluvial deposition began with stream sedimentation in the early Holocene, followed by a prolonged period of soil formation under low water conditions (7.5–5.7 ka cal year BP). Humans started habitation the floodplain in 6.6–5.7 ka cal year BP. Increased atmospheric precipitation in 5.7–3.4 ka cal year BP accelerated alluvial sedimentation. Soil formation followed the synsedimentation model. Conditions for the stationary land use by humans in the floodplain were less optimal. In 3.4–2.1 ka cal year BP, alluvial sedimentation was less pronounced, and solonetz carbonated soils were formed, reflecting increased climate aridity and continentality. Humans returned to the floodplain area, but in 2.1–1.9 ka cal year BP, the flooding frequency increased, and in 1.9 ka cal year BP, the surface of the floodplain passes to function in a high floodplain. Thus, synsedimentation formation resumed, with colluvium discharge from the adjacent hills being the main source of material input.



中文翻译:

哈萨克斯坦西部代尔库河漫滩的地球考古:土壤形成,沉积物积累和人类住区

低伏尔加河全新世洪泛区和乌拉尔南部的自然环境和史前人类活动是地貌学,土壤科学和考古学的重要研究对象。土壤冲积层序的交替序列代表了沉积档案,具有人类土地利用,沉积物堆积和土壤形成的时间地层记录。使用多代理方法研究了德库尔河(哈萨克斯坦西部)的中央洪泛区,调查了8000年前到现在的土壤冲积层序,其中包含一个埋藏的Stagnic Fluvic Phaeozem。冲积沉积始于全新世早期的河流沉积,随后在低水条件下(BP 7.5-5.7 ka cal年)土壤形成时间延长。人类在6.6-5年开始居住在洪泛区。BP 7 ka cal年。在5.7–3.4 ka cal年中,大气降水增加,加速了冲积沉积。土壤形成遵循沉降模型。洪泛区中人类固定土地利用的条件并非最佳。在BP的3.4–2.1 ka年,冲积沉积作用不那么明显,形成了solonetz碳酸盐土壤,反映了气候干旱和大陆性的增加。人类返回了洪泛区,但是在2.1–1.9 ka cal BP年,洪灾频率增加了;在1.9 ka cal BP年,洪泛区的表面在高洪泛区中起作用。因此,恢复了同化作用,相邻山丘的崩积是物质输入的主要来源。每年4 ka BP加速冲积沉积。土壤形成遵循沉降模型。洪泛区中人类固定土地利用的条件并非最佳。在BP的3.4–2.1 ka年,冲积沉积作用不那么明显,形成了solonetz碳酸盐土壤,反映了气候干旱和大陆性的增加。人类返回了洪泛区,但是在2.1–1.9 ka cal BP年,洪灾频率增加了;在1.9 ka cal BP年,洪泛区的表面在高洪泛区中起作用。因此,恢复了同化作用,相邻山丘的崩积是物质输入的主要来源。每年4 ka BP加速冲积沉积。土壤形成遵循沉降模型。洪泛区中人类固定土地利用的条件并非最佳。在BP的3.4–2.1 ka年,冲积沉积作用不那么明显,形成了solonetz碳酸盐土壤,反映了气候干旱和大陆性的增加。人类返回了洪泛区,但是在2.1–1.9 ka cal BP年,洪灾频率增加了;在1.9 ka cal BP年,洪泛区的表面在高洪泛区中起作用。因此,恢复了同化作用,相邻山丘的崩积是物质输入的主要来源。BP 1 ka cal year,冲积沉积不太明显,形成了solonetz碳酸盐土壤,反映了气候干旱和大陆性的增加。人类返回了洪泛区,但是在2.1–1.9 ka cal BP年,洪灾频率增加了;在1.9 ka cal BP年,洪泛区的表面在高洪泛区中起作用。因此,恢复了同化作用,相邻山丘的崩积是物质输入的主要来源。BP 1 ka cal year,冲积沉积不太明显,形成了solonetz碳酸盐土壤,反映了气候干旱和大陆性的增加。人类返回了洪泛区,但是在2.1–1.9 ka cal BP年,洪灾频率增加了;在1.9 ka cal BP年,洪泛区的表面在高洪泛区中起作用。因此,恢复了同化作用,相邻山丘的崩积是物质输入的主要来源。

更新日期:2020-12-25
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