Abstract In many languages a set of adjectives are characterized by their “past/passive” participial morphology. Lexicalist and syntactic approaches to word formation converge on the claim that such adjectives can be derived from verbal inputs with no external argument but never from verbal inputs with an external argument. That is, there are “adjectival passives” but no “adjectival antipassives” marked with the same morphology. I argue that a sub-class of adjectives marked with the “past/passive” participial morpheme –do in Spanish, labeled participios activos in descriptive grammars, should be treated as adjectival antipassives in precisely this sense. I propose that Spanish has an Asp head that (i) is spelled out with “past/passive” participial morphology and (ii) selects an unergative verbal input creating a state/property whose argument corresponds to the external argument of that verbal source. If on the right track, the proposal supports the existence of a typology of adjectivizing heads that are spelled out uniformly with “past/passive” participial morphology but must be distinguished in terms of selectional and semantic properties (Bruening 2014, Word formation is syntactic: Adjectival passives in English. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 32. 363–422; Embick 2004, On the structure of resultative participles in English. Linguistic Inquiry 35. 355–392). It differs from previous approaches in claiming that such a typology must include root-derived adjectives, as well as ‘active (=unergative)’ and ‘passive’ deverbal adjectives.

中文翻译：

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西班牙参与活动是形容词反被动词

摘要在许多语言中，一组形容词的特征是“过去/被动”的参与形态。词汇形成的词法和句法方法都基于这样的说法：这种形容词可以从没有外部论证的口头输入中衍生出来，而从没有外部论证的口头输入中衍生出来。也就是说，没有“形容词消极”，但没有标记有相同形态的“形容词消极”。我认为，在西班牙语中标记为“过去/被动”的参与词素的形容词的一个子类，在描述性语法中被标记为“参与性活动”，就此而言，应该将其视为形容词反被动词。我建议西班牙语具有一个Asp头，即（i）拼写为“过去/被动”的参与词形，并且（ii）选择一个没有格格不雅的言语输入，从而创建一个状态/属性，其论点对应于该言语来源的外部论点。如果在正确的轨道上，该提案支持存在形容词形容词的类型，这些形容词用``过去/被动''的参与形态统一拼写，但必须在选择和语义特性方面加以区分（Bruening 2014，构词法是句法上的：英语中的形容词被动，自然语言和语言理论32. 363-422； Emick 2004，英语中结果分词的结构。语言研究35. 355-392）。它与以前的方法不同，后者声称这种类型必须包括词根衍生形容词，