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Differential nominal marking in Circassian
Studies in Language ( IF 0.392 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-18 , DOI: 10.1075/sl.18063.ark
Peter M. Arkadiev 1, 2 , Yakov G. Testelets 2, 3
Affiliation  

Abstract In this paper we describe a peculiar pattern of case alternation from the polysynthetic Circassian (West Caucasian) languages, where specificity-driven differential marking of noun phrases is attested in all syntactic positions and with the absolutive and the oblique cases alike. We call this phenomenon differential nominal marking (DNM). We show that the presenсe resp. absenсe of overt case marking in Circassian fits in the two-level (DP vs. NP) structural model for nominal constructions and is in some ways similar to the phenomenon of pseudo-incorporation described for various languages with differential object marking. For instance, unmarked nominals in Circassian show number-neutrality and scope inertness with respect to negation and quantifiers. However, DNM in Circassian crucially differs from all known instances of pseudo-incorporation or case alternation in that it is not restricted to any particular syntactic position. We argue that this feature of the Circassian DNM calls all the existing approaches (both functionalist and generative) to the phenomenon of differential case marking in question.

中文翻译:

Circassian 中的微分标称标记

摘要 在本文中,我们描述了多合成切尔克斯(西高加索)语言中的一种特殊的格交替模式,其中名词短语的特殊性驱动差异标记在所有句法位置以及绝对格和斜格都得到证明。我们称这种现象为差分标称标记 (DNM)。我们表明存在resp。Circassian 中没有明显的大小写标记符合名义结构的两级(DP 与 NP)结构模型,并且在某些方面类似于为具有差异对象标记的各种语言描述的伪合并现象。例如,切尔克斯语中未标记的名词在否定和量词方面表现出数字中立性和范围惰性。然而,切尔克斯语中的 DNM 与所有已知的伪合并或大小写交替的实例截然不同,因为它不限于任何特定的句法位置。我们认为,切尔克斯 DNM 的这个特征调用了所有现有的方法(功能主义和生成方法)来解决所讨论的差异案例标记现象。
更新日期:2019-11-18
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