Abstract This study explores the coding asymmetry between independent and dependent possessive person forms (as in English mine/my) from a cross-linguistic perspective. On the basis of a typological survey of 70 geographically and genealogically diverse languages, this paper identifies three universal tendencies: the length universal, the constituent order universal and the alienability universal. First, the length universal claims that independent possessive person forms are either longer or as long as the dependent possessive person forms. Second, the constituent order universal claims that the internal constituent order of the person form and the substantivizer correlates with the constituent order of the possessor and the possessum. In addition, in languages where both a composite possessive marker and a composite substantivizer are used, the possessive marker is always closer to the person root. Finally, the alienability universal claims that the possessive person forms in the alienable possessive constructions are more likely to be used as independent possessive person forms than those in the inalienable possessive constructions. These universal tendencies are instances of form-frequency correspondence, which is shown by corpus evidence from three languages.

中文翻译：

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独立和依赖占有人形式

摘要 本研究从跨语言的角度探讨了独立和依赖占有人形式（如英语 mine/my）之间的编码不对称性。在对 70 种地理和谱系不同语言的类型学调查的基础上，本文确定了三种普遍趋势：长度普遍性、构成顺序普遍性和异化性普遍性。首先，长度普遍主张独立占有人的形式要么更长，要么与依赖占有人的形式一样长。其次，构成秩序普遍主张人形和实体的内部构成秩序与占有者和占有者的构成秩序相关。此外，在同时使用复合所有格标记和复合实体化词的语言中，所有格标记总是更接近人根。最后，可转让性普遍主张在可转让的所有格结构中的所有格人比在不可转让的所有格结构中更可能被用作独立的所有格人格形式。这些普遍趋势是形式频率对应的实例，这由来自三种语言的语料库证据显示。