Abstract Negation is an operator that reverses the truth value of a proposition and it is considered an universal category (Horn 2001: xiii) since all human systems of communication contain a representation of propositional negation. Therefore, one of the most important features of negation is its markedness that sets a contrast between affirmation and negation. Said markedness is carried out in various ways by the world languages. As its standard negation, which is the most common kind of negation marking found in a given language (Payne 1985a: 198), Old Persian (OP) has nai̯, which is mainly used in assertions, while it has a non-standard, prohibitive marker, OP mā. Concerning correlative negation (‘neither … nor’), Old Persian systematically employs the asyndetic repetition of the negative marker, provided the notorious absence among Indo-Iranian languages of the standard negation plus the enclitic particle IIr. *-ča. The objective of this paper is to make a thorough description of this isogloss shared by Indo-Iranian languages and, in the case of Old Persian, try to contrast its data with the Achaemenid Elamite material. I believe this will shed some new light on the nature of the asyndetic repetition of the negative marker as a means of expressing correlative negation in Old Iranian.

中文翻译：

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旧波斯语中的相关否定

摘要否定是一种运算符，可以逆转一个命题的真实值，并且被认为是一个通用范畴（Horn 2001：xiii），因为所有人类交流系统都包含一个命题否定的表示。因此，否定的最重要特征之一是它的显着性，它在肯定与否定之间形成了对比。所述标记是通过世界语言以各种方式进行的。作为标准否定标记，这是在给定语言中发现的最常见的否定标记（Payne 1985a：198），Old Persian（OP）具有nai̯，主要用于断言，而它具有非标准的，禁止性的标记，OPmā。关于相关否定（“既不…也不”），Old Persian系统地使用消极标记的异步重复，提供了印度-伊朗语言中臭名昭著的标准否定词加IIr粒子。*-ča。本文的目的是对印度-伊朗语言所共有的这种同等含义进行透彻的描述，对于旧波斯语，则尝试将其数据与Achaemenid Elamite材料进行对比。我相信，这将为阴性标记的异步重复本质提供新的思路，以此作为表达旧伊朗人相关否定的一种手段。