Abstract This study investigates two flavors of the necessity modal sign NECESSARY in TİD and investigates their semantic and syntactic properties and how these properties interact. First, the modal flavors of this modal sign were identified through the contexts they occur in, based on the analysis by Kratzer (1981, 1991). Epistemic and deontic flavors of modality were searched for in the data, which was collected by spontaneous and semistructured elicitation tasks. Then, questionnaires that involve felicity and grammaticality judgment tasks were carried out to explore the semantic and syntactic properties of these modal signs in more detail. A total of 29 TİD signers participated in the data collection. The results of this investigation show that (i) NECESSARY is a necessity modal sign which has both epistemic and deontic interpretations, (ii) NECESSARY has a restricted syntactic position in a clause, (iii) non-manual markers differentiate between the epistemic and deontic interpretations of NECESSARY, which indicates that non-manual markers in TİD have both syntactic and prosodic functions.

中文翻译：

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土耳其手语的道义和认识必要性（TİD）

摘要这项研究调查了TİD中必要模式符号NECESSARY的两种形式，并研究了它们的语义和句法属性以及这些属性如何相互作用。首先，根据Kratzer（1981，1991）的分析，通过其出现的语境来识别这种情态符号的情态风味。在数据中搜索了情态的认识论和道义论风味，这些数据是通过自发和半结构化激发任务收集的。然后，进行了涉及适度和语法判断任务的问卷调查，以更详细地探讨这些情态符号的语义和句法属性。共有29位TİD签名人参加了数据收集。这项调查的结果表明：（i）必要是一种必要的模态符号，既有认知的解释又有道义的解释，