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Near-Optimal Disjoint-Path Facility Location Through Set Cover by Pairs
Operations Research ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 , DOI: 10.1287/opre.2019.1956
David S. Johnson , Lee Breslau , Ilias Diakonikolas , Nick Duffield , Yu Gu , MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi , Howard Karloff , Mauricio G. C. Resende , Subhabrata Sen

In this paper we consider two special cases of the "cover-by-pairs" optimization problem that arise when we need to place facilities so that each customer is served by two facilities that reach it by disjoint shortest paths. These problems arise in a network traffic monitoring scheme proposed by Breslau et al. and have potential applications to content distribution. The "set-disjoint" variant applies to networks that use the OSPF routing protocol, and the "path-disjoint" variant applies when MPLS routing is enabled, making better solutions possible at the cost of greater operational expense. Although we can prove that no polynomial-time algorithm can guarantee good solutions for either version, we are able to provide heuristics that do very well in practice on instances with real-world network structure. Fast implementations of the heuristics, made possible by exploiting mathematical observations about the relationship between the network instances and the corresponding instances of the cover-by-pairs problem, allow us to perform an extensive experimental evaluation of the heuristics and what the solutions they produce tell us about the effectiveness of the proposed monitoring scheme. For the set-disjoint variant, we validate our claim of near-optimality via a new lower-bounding integer programming formulation. Although computing this lower bound requires solving the NP-hard Hitting Set problem and can underestimate the optimal value by a linear factor in the worst case, it can be computed quickly by CPLEX, and it equals the optimal solution value for all the instances in our extensive testbed.

中文翻译:

通过成对设置覆盖来实现接近最优的不相交路径设施位置

在本文中,我们考虑了两个特殊情况,即当我们需要放置设施时出现的“按对覆盖”优化问题,以便每个客户都可以通过不相交的最短路径到达的两个设施来服务。这些问题出现在Breslau等人提出的网络流量监视方案中。并在内容分发方面具有潜在的应用。“ set-disjoint”变体适用于使用OSPF路由协议的网络,而“ path-disjoint”变体适用于启用MPLS路由的情况,从而以更大的运营费用为代价实现更好的解决方案。尽管我们可以证明没有一种多项式时间算法可以保证为每个版本提供良好的解决方案,但是我们能够提供在实际网络结构实例中非常有效的启发式方法。通过对网络实例与逐对覆盖问题的相应实例之间的关系进行数学观察,使得启发式方法的快速实现成为可能,这使我们能够对启发式方法及其产生的解决方案进行广泛的实验评估我们了解拟议的监控方案的有效性。对于集不相交的变体,我们通过新的下界整数规划公式来验证我们的近最优性要求。尽管计算此下限需要解决NP-hard Hitting Set问题,并且在最坏的情况下可以通过线性因子低估最优值,但是CPLEX可以快速计算出它,并且它等于我们所有实例的最优解值广泛的测试平台。通过利用有关网络实例与逐对覆盖问题的相应实例之间的关系的数学观察结果使之成为可能,从而使我们能够对试探法进行广泛的实验评估,以及它们产生的解决方案将告诉我们有关算法的有效性的信息建议的监控方案。对于集不相交的变体,我们通过新的下界整数规划公式来验证我们的近最优性要求。尽管计算此下限需要解决NP-hard Hitting Set问题,并且在最坏的情况下可以通过线性因子低估最优值,但是CPLEX可以快速计算出它,并且它等于我们所有实例的最优解值广泛的测试平台。通过利用有关网络实例与逐对覆盖问题的相应实例之间的关系的数学观察结果使之成为可能,从而使我们能够对试探法进行广泛的实验评估,以及它们产生的解决方案将告诉我们有关算法的有效性的信息建议的监控方案。对于集不相交的变体,我们通过新的下界整数规划公式来验证我们的近最优性要求。尽管计算此下限需要解决NP-hard Hitting Set问题,并且在最坏的情况下可以通过线性因子低估最优值,但是CPLEX可以快速计算出它,并且它等于我们所有实例的最优解值广泛的测试平台。
更新日期:2020-05-01
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