Abstract This paper presents the results of an areal study of the elements known as (sentence-)final particles (FPs) in the languages of Asia. FPs constitute a crucial part of many languages of the region and are reported in language-particular descriptions under various labels. However, they have not been the subject of large-scale areal studies. In this paper, I discuss the morphosyntactic and functional properties typically exhibited by the FPs of Asian languages and the parameters of their variation. On the basis of a sample of 53 languages and 6 sample functional types of FPs, I explore the areal distribution of FPs of the Asian type. I demonstrate that different FP-isoglosses exhibit different geographical coverage, but the overlap of some of them allows us to speak of a structural phenomenon highly typical of a macroarea which includes East, Southeast, and Northeast Asia.

中文翻译：

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亚洲的最终粒子：建立区域特征

摘要本文介绍了对亚洲语言中称为（句子）最终粒子（FP）的元素进行区域研究的结果。FPs是该地区许多语言的重要组成部分，并在各种语言的特殊语言描述中进行了报告。但是，它们尚未成为大规模区域研究的主题。在本文中，我将讨论亚洲语言FP通常表现出的形态句法和功能特性及其变异参数。基于53种语言的样本和FP的6种样本功能类型，我探索了亚洲类型FP的区域分布。我证明了不同的FP等值线具有不同的地理覆盖范围，但是其中的某些重叠部分使我们可以说出一种结构现象，这种现象非常典型地体现在包括东，