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Subordinate and interrogative clause negation in Iquito
Linguistic Typology ( IF 3.565 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-25 , DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2018-0004
Cynthia Hansen

Abstract This paper describes a specific non-standard negation strategy in Iquito, a moribund Zaparoan language spoken in northern Peruvian Amazonia. This strategy is used in finite subordinate clauses (namely adverbial dependent clauses and relative clauses), as well as information questions, and it utilizes two negative markers: a negative particle which is also found in standard negation, and a verbal affix which does not function as a negator in any other context. Using existing typological characterizations of subordinate clause negation, we see that Iquito exhibits the following attested traits: it uses the standard negator in a different position, it also utilizes a distinct negator, and it employs more negators in the subordinate clause than in the main clause. But unlike the languages presented in the literature, Iquito utilizes these parameters simultaneously. Additionally, the position of the standard negator changes within the subordinate clause, depending on the reality status of the clause. Using Iquito as a case study, I propose a set of parameters for comparing subordinate clause and interrogative negation strategies to standard negation strategies, which include the type of negator used, its position, the overall number of negators, the potential for interaction with other grammatical categories, such as reality status, and the resulting word order of the clause. This set of parameters expands the initial typological characterizations of subordinate clause negation strategies.

中文翻译:

Iquito中的从句和疑问句否定

摘要本文描述了秘鲁北部亚马逊河地区一种垂死的Zaparoan语言Iquito中的一种特定的非标准否定策略。此策略用在有限的从句(即从属从句和相对从句)以及信息问题中,并且利用了两个否定标记:一个在标准否定中也可以找到的否定词和一个不起作用的语言词缀在任何其他情况下作为否定者。使用从属子句否定的现有类型学特征,我们可以看到Iquito表现出以下已证明的特征:它在不同位置使用标准否定符,还使用了不同的否定符,并且在从属子句中使用的否定符多于主句中的否定符。但是与文学中所用的语言不同,Iquito同时使用这些参数。此外,标准否定符的位置在从属子句中更改,具体取决于该子句的实际状态。我以Iquito为例,提出了一组参数,用于比较从句和疑问句否定策略与标准否定策略,包括使用的否定符的类型,位置,否定符的总数,与其他语法交互的可能性。类别,例如现实状态,以及从句的最终词序。这组参数扩展了从句否定策略的初始类型学特征。我以Iquito为例,提出了一组参数,用于比较从句和疑问句否定策略与标准否定策略,包括使用的否定符的类型,位置,否定符的总数,与其他语法交互的可能性。类别,例如现实状态,以及从句的最终词序。这组参数扩展了从句否定策略的初始类型学特征。我以Iquito为例,提出了一组参数,用于比较从句和疑问句否定策略与标准否定策略,包括使用的否定符的类型,位置,否定符的总数,与其他语法交互的可能性。类别,例如现实状态,以及从句的最终词序。这组参数扩展了从句否定策略的初始类型学特征。以及从句的单词顺序。这组参数扩展了从句否定策略的初始类型学特征。以及从句的单词顺序。这组参数扩展了从句否定策略的初始类型学特征。
更新日期:2018-04-25
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