This paper seeks to respond to the research question: How does appropriation take place in the public sector in the development of end user applications by civil servants? Appropriation is defined as taking advantage of opportunities related to the development and use of applications, when the developer has in-depth knowledge of the problem domain and is also the primary user of the application. The author's results showed that public servants who have deep problem domain knowledge can take advantage of end user tools e.g. spreadsheet programs in the problem-solving process to solve vaguely defined problems. Appropriation is manifested in the continuous development of various ICT applications. In this paper, the author differentiates between first-and second-order appropriation. First-order appropriation takes place when the potential of the development tool is appropriated by the end user. Second-order appropriation takes place when an application is continuously developed and refined in parallel with the end user's learning process and the development of organizational requirements.

中文翻译：

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公共部门的二阶交互式最终用户开发拨款

本文试图回应以下研究问题：公务员在开发最终用户应用程序中如何在公共部门进行拨款？当开发人员对问题领域有深入的了解并且也是应用程序的主要用户时，拨款被定义为利用与应用程序的开发和使用相关的机会。作者的结果表明，具有深厚问题领域知识的公务员可以在问题解决过程中利用诸如电子表格程序之类的最终用户工具来解决模糊定义的问题。各种ICT应用程序的不断发展体现了专用性。在本文中，作者区分了一阶和二阶挪用。当开发工具的潜力被最终用户使用时，就会发生一阶拨款。当与最终用户的学习过程和组织需求的发展并行地不断开发和完善应用程序时，就会发生二阶拨款。