Abstract One of the evidentiary means used in medieval legal procedure was the so-called judgment of God, judicium dei, also known as ordeal, from the Latin term ordalium. Ordeals were characteristic of all peoples in their various stages of development. They were based on the belief that divinity could intervene and perform miracles, disregarding the laws of nature, in order to prove one’s innocence. In the Middle Ages ordeals were widespread on the territory of Transylvania, too, the ordeal of fire being one of the most commonly used means of proof. In this paper I will try to show the characteristics of this evidence in relation to others that were used at that time, looking at them through the lenses of the documents of the time and of personal research.

中文翻译：

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封建特兰西瓦尼亚的证据手段。被火折磨（拿着炽热的铁）

摘要中世纪法律程序中使用的一种证据手段是上帝的判决，即拉丁文中的“金矿”一词，称为“审判”。折磨是所有民族在各个发展阶段的特征。他们基于这样的信念：神性可以干预并创造奇迹，而无视自然规律，以证明自己的纯真。在中世纪，特兰西瓦尼亚境内的考验也很普遍，火灾考验是最常用的举证手段之一。在本文中，我将尝试通过当时文献和个人研究的角度，来查看与当时使用的其他证据有关的证据的特征。