Some people previously rejected from benefits who qualified after the Zebley decision also received a substantial lump-sum retroactive payment. If a readjudication concluded that in addition to qualifying for benefits, the individual also should have qualified for benefits prior to the Zebley decision given the new standards, he could receive payments retroactively. Such a readjudication was eligible to anyone denied after January 1, 1980, and thus applies to everyone in my sample. Cohorts that were younger at the time of the Zebley decision received smaller backpayments, shown by the significantly negative estimate in Column 6 of Table 2. It could be that a smaller lump-sum retroactive payment, rather than increased SSI receipt, leads younger cohorts to experience lower cumulative earnings through their mid-30s. It is important to further explore this channel since the policy takeaways would di↵er substantially if a large lump-sum payment or increased SSI receipt was driving the main results. Using an alternative sample, I provide suggestive evidence that these large lump-sum payments did not lead to significant impacts on labor market outcomes. I consider individuals newly given an award after the Zebley decision who were initially rejected in a 40-week window of January 1, 1980, the date cuto↵ for retroactive payments. My main results used individuals initially rejected from SSI between 1986 and 1989, some of whom then proceeded to reapply, and qualify, for benefits after the Zebley decision. This alternative 29I also restrict the sample to people who did not reapply for benefits between this initial application date and the Zebley decision, because a reapplication could contaminate the sample by making someone who was initially rejected in 1979 eligible for a retroactive payment, given the new application.

中文翻译：

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童年时期领取伤残津贴的劳动力市场后果

一些先前拒绝享受 Zebley 决定后符合资格的人也收到了一笔可观的一次性追溯付款。如果重新裁决得出的结论是，除了有资格获得福利外，鉴于新标准，个人还应在 Zebley 决定之前有资格获得福利，则他可以追溯获得付款。这种重新裁决适用于 1980 年 1 月 1 日之后被拒绝的任何人，因此适用于我样本中的每个人。在 Zebley 决定时较年轻的群体收到的欠款较少，如表 2 第 6 列中的显着负估计所示。 可能是较小的一次性追溯付款，而不是增加 SSI 收入，导致较年轻的群体在 30 多岁的时候经历较低的累积收入。进一步探索这个渠道很重要，因为如果大笔一次性付款或增加的 SSI 收入推动主要结果，那么政策外卖会显着不同。使用替代样本，我提供了暗示性证据，表明这些大笔一次性付款并未对劳动力市场结果产生重大影响。我认为在 Zebley 决定后新获得奖励的个人最初在 1980 年 1 月 1 日的 40 周窗口内被拒绝，该日期是追溯付款的截止日期。我的主要结果使用了最初在 1986 年至 1989 年期间被 SSI 拒绝的个人，其中一些人在 Zebley 决定后重新申请并有资格获得福利。此备选方案 29I 还将样本限制为在此初始申请日期和 Zebley 决定之间未重新申请福利的人，