Conscientiousness and interest are well-known predictors of academic effort and achievement. As hypothesized by the Conscientiousness × Interest Compensation (CONIC) model, conscientiousness and interest can (partly) compensate for each other, leading to (comparatively) high effort if either conscientiousness or interest is high. The present research (a) provides a test of this prediction across four school subjects, (b) examines whether the compensatory interaction can also be found when academic achievement is the outcome instead of academic effort, and (c) probes for the compensatory interaction when interest is replaced by utility value as a predictor variable. A total of 830 students in Grades 5 to 12 participated in this study. We assessed their conscientiousness and measured task value beliefs, academic effort, and achievement in 4 school subjects (German, English, mathematics, and biology). The predictions of the CONIC model were supported in all 4 subjects. In addition, we found compensatory interactions between conscientiousness and interest in predicting both academic effort and achievement. Furthermore, we observed similar compensatory interactions between conscientiousness and utility value. In sum, the results suggest a broader applicability of the CONIC model than originally proposed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)

中文翻译：

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Conscientiousness × Interest Compensation (CONIC) 模型：跨领域、结果和预测因素的普遍性。

尽责性和兴趣是众所周知的学术努力和成就的预测因素。正如尽责性×兴趣补偿（CONIC）模型所假设的那样，尽责性和兴趣可以（部分）相互补偿，如果尽责性或兴趣高，则导致（相对）高努力。本研究 (a) 提供了对四个学校科目的这种预测的测试，(b) 检验了当学业成绩是结果而不是学术努力时是否也可以发现补偿性相互作用，以及 (c) 探索补偿性相互作用兴趣被效用值取代作为预测变量。共有 830 名 5 至 12 年级的学生参加了这项研究。我们评估了他们的责任心并衡量了任务价值信念、学术努力、以及 4 个学校科目（德语、英语、数学和生物）的成绩。CONIC 模型的预测在所有 4 个科目中都得到支持。此外，我们发现尽责性和预测学业努力和成就的兴趣之间存在补偿性相互作用。此外，我们观察到尽责性和效用价值之间类似的补偿性相互作用。总之，结果表明 CONIC 模型的适用性比最初提出的更广泛。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）我们观察到尽责性和效用价值之间类似的补偿性相互作用。总之，结果表明 CONIC 模型的适用性比最初提出的更广泛。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）我们观察到尽责性和效用价值之间类似的补偿性相互作用。总之，结果表明 CONIC 模型的适用性比最初提出的更广泛。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）