当前位置: X-MOL 学术Journal of Baltic Science Education › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
INDUSTRY 4.0 AND SCIENCE EDUCATION
Journal of Baltic Science Education ( IF 1.232 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-12 , DOI: 10.33225/jbse/19.18.652
Bulent Cavas 1
Affiliation  

Industry 4.0 and its applications are one of the most important issues of countries that want to keep their competitiveness in the field of scientific, technological and innovation in today’s world. The Countries that are not able to adapt to Industry 4.0 processes will not be able to develop scientifically and technologically or keep up with current innovation processes. One of the aims of this paper is to explain the concept of industry 4.0 to our readers in a comprehensible manner and to show how much science education is actually related to industry 4.0. In a general sense, Industry 4.0 or in other words, the 4th Industrial Revolution is an expression that includes many modern automation processes, large databases that communicate with each other, robotic devices and dark factories, in short, quality production technologies. In addition, Industry 4.0 includes modern technologies such as additive manufacturing, autonomous robots, big data, artificial intelligence, augmented reality, system integration, internet of things, cybersecurity, cloud computing, machine learning, deep learning etc. These technologies play an important role especially in the formation of new smart factories. Considering the factories that were known in the past, it was seen that there were workers working at the different machines and these workers took part in the control and decision making processes. However, today, there are factories in which even the lights do not light up, and instant decision-making processes are carried out automatically by modern robotic devices. In such factories, the data obtained from all processes are continuously subjected to high level analysis and used to create new business models to increase the efficiency of the factory. After providing information about the concept and processes of Industry 4.0, it is useful to briefly discuss the historical paradigm in the transition of industry 1.0 to 4.0. Industry 1.0, known as the first industrial revolution, took place between the 18th and 20th centuries and mainly used mechanical production systems using water and steam power. The main objective here is to increase production by increasing the working comfort of workers. Some technologies, such as steam trains, industrial weaving devices, can be defined as industry 1.0 products. Industry 2.0 had been effective since the early 20th century. The emergence of electricity as an important power source in this period caused the end of the use of water and steam power in the factories. It is one of the important initiatives of this period that the machines required for the factories are designed to use electrical power. At the beginning of this period, the concepts of efficiency and productivity emerged. It has begun to focus on the processes that affect production, such as which worker will work on which machine and what needs have to be paid attention to when the product produced by this worker moves to the next stage. Extra processes to improve product output and quality are considered important functions of the factories. Industry 3.0 seems to have taken place towards the end of the 20th century. During this period, the discovery of electronic circuits and the integration of these circuits to each other began to make workers’ work easier in factories, and in some cases they started to take their place. Towards the end of this period, it is seen that fully automate machines emerged. During the Industry 3.0 period, software requirements appeared to be largely evident. In particular, the software that will work on the developed electronic hardware has gained importance. In addition, more in-depth studies have been carried out on concepts such as product process management, follow-up and operational resources within the factories, and it has been emphasized that digital technology and automation software should be used in place of manual processes.

中文翻译:

工业 4.0 和科学教育

工业4.0及其应用是当今世界想要保持科技创新领域竞争力的国家最重要的问题之一。不能适应工业 4.0 进程的国家将无法在科学和技术上发展或跟上当前的创新进程。本文的目的之一是以通俗易懂的方式向我们的读者解释工业 4.0 的概念,并展示科学教育实际上与工业 4.0 有多大关系。一般而言,工业 4.0 或第四次工业革命是一种表达,包括许多现代自动化流程、相互通信的大型数据库、机器人设备和暗工厂,简而言之,就是高质量的生产技术。此外,工业 4.0 包括增材制造、自主机器人、大数据、人工智能、增强现实、系统集成、物联网、网络安全、云计算、机器学习、深度学习等现代技术。打造新型智能工厂。考虑到过去已知的工厂,可以看到有工人在不同的机器上工作,这些工人参与了控制和决策过程。然而,今天,有些工厂甚至连灯都不亮,即时决策过程由现代机器人设备自动执行。在这样的工厂里,从所有流程中获得的数据会不断进行高级分析,并用于创建新的商业模式以提高工厂的效率。在提供有关工业 4.0 的概念和过程的信息之后,简要讨论工业 1.0 向工业 4.0 过渡的历史范式是有用的。工业 1.0 被称为第一次工业革命,发生在 18 世纪和 20 世纪之间,主要使用使用水和蒸汽动力的机械生产系统。这里的主要目标是通过提高工人的工作舒适度来增加产量。一些技术,例如蒸汽火车、工业织造设备,可以定义为工业 1.0 产品。自 20 世纪初以来,工业 2.0 一直有效。这一时期电力作为重要动力源的出现,导致工厂不再使用水力和蒸汽力。工厂所需的机器设计为使用电力是这一时期的重要举措之一。这一时期的初期,出现了效率和生产力的概念。它已经开始关注影响生产的过程,例如哪个工人将在哪台机器上工作,以及该工人生产的产品进入下一阶段时需要注意什么。提高产品产量和质量的额外流程被认为是工厂的重要职能。工业 3.0 似乎发生在 20 世纪末。在这段时期,电子电路的发现以及这些电路的相互集成开始使工人在工厂的工作变得更容易,在某些情况下,他们开始取代他们的位置。在这个时期即将结束时,可以看到全自动机器出现。在工业 3.0 时期,软件需求似乎非常明显。特别是,将在开发的电子硬件上运行的软件变得越来越重要。此外,更深入地研究了产品流程管理、后续和工厂内部运营资源等概念,并强调应使用数字技术和自动化软件代替人工流程。在某些情况下,他们开始取代他们的位置。在这个时期即将结束时,可以看到全自动机器出现。在工业 3.0 时期,软件需求似乎非常明显。特别是,将在开发的电子硬件上运行的软件变得越来越重要。此外,更深入地研究了产品流程管理、后续和工厂内部运营资源等概念,并强调应使用数字技术和自动化软件代替人工流程。在某些情况下,他们开始取代他们的位置。在这个时期即将结束时,可以看到全自动机器出现。在工业 3.0 时期,软件需求似乎非常明显。特别是,将在开发的电子硬件上运行的软件变得越来越重要。此外,更深入地研究了产品流程管理、后续和工厂内部运营资源等概念,并强调应使用数字技术和自动化软件代替人工流程。将在开发的电子硬件上运行的软件变得越来越重要。此外,更深入地研究了产品流程管理、后续和工厂内部运营资源等概念,并强调应使用数字技术和自动化软件代替人工流程。将在开发的电子硬件上运行的软件变得越来越重要。此外,更深入地研究了产品流程管理、后续和工厂内部运营资源等概念,并强调应使用数字技术和自动化软件代替人工流程。
更新日期:2019-10-12
down
wechat
bug