Using a representative survey of young persons having left full-time education in France in 1998 and interviewed in 2001 and 2005, the purpose of this paper is to examine the process of their integration into normal employment (a stable job with a standard employment contract) and the extent to which job matches are inefficient in the sense that the pay in a job is below an individual’s potential earnings. The latter are determined principally by diploma level and educational specialisation, although other forms of training and labour market experience are relevant.,A stochastic earnings frontier approach is used in order to examine workers’ ability to capture their full potential earnings in labour markets where there is inefficient job matching (due to the lack of information, discrimination, over-education or the process of integration).,The results suggest that young workers manage to obtain on average about 82 per cent of their potential earnings three years after leaving full-time education and earnings inefficiency had disappeared four years later. The results are robust to the treatment of selectivity arising from the exclusion of the unemployed in the estimation of the frontier.,The stochastic earnings frontier is a useful and appropriate tool for modelling the process of labour market integration of certain groups (young persons, migrants and the long-term unemployed) where over-education due to inefficient initial job matches occurs. Over time this situation tends to be rectified as job mobility leads to improved matching and less inefficiency.

中文翻译：

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将年轻工人纳入法国的劳动力市场

通过对1998年在法国接受全日制教育并在2001年和2005年进行访谈的年轻人的代表性调查，本论文的目的是检验他们融入正常就业的过程（具有标准就业合同的稳定工作）以及从某种意义上说，工作匹配的程度是低效的，即工作的薪水低于个人的潜在收入。后者主要由文凭水平和教育专业来决定，尽管其他形式的培训和劳动力市场经验也有关系。是低效的工作匹配（由于缺乏信息，歧视，教育过度或整合过程）。结果表明，年轻工人离开全日制教育三年后，设法平均获得了大约82％的潜在收入，四年后收入效率低下现象消失了。该结果对于处理由于在边界估计中排除了失业人员而产生的选择性具有鲁棒性。随机收入边界是建模某些群体（年轻人，移民和劳动力市场）过程的有用且合适的工具和长期失业），这是由于初始工作匹配效率低下而导致的过度教育。随着时间的流逝，这种情况往往会得到纠正，因为工作的流动性会导致匹配度提高，效率降低。