Abstract Turns-at-talk often do not start with their main business but rather with a pre-start (Sacks et al., 1974). This paper investigates the correlation of pre-starts with inserts, one of three major word classes (Biber et al., 1999). Based on the BNC’s mark-up, I investigate how inserts are positionally distributed in large amounts of turns of varied lengths. The analysis shows that inserts are overwhelmingly attracted to turn-first positions, the likely location of pre-starts. Further, in a subsample of 1,000 ten-word turns manually coded for pre-starts, 86% of all inserts serve a pre-start function. The findings call into question current speech processing models that fail to factor in turn structure. Further, pre-starts have crucial sequential and interactional implications as early indicators whether the new turn “agrees” with the prior turn and are likely key signals aiding listeners’ action ascription.

中文翻译：

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车削结构和刀片

摘要 Turns-at-talk 通常不是从他们的主要业务开始，而是从预先开始（Sacks 等，1974）。本文研究了预开始与插入的相关性，插入是三个主要词类之一（Biber et al., 1999）。基于 BNC 的标记，我研究了刀片如何在不同长度的大量匝中进行位置分布。分析表明，插入物压倒性地被转向优先位置所吸引，这可能是预启动的位置。此外，在为预启动手动编码的 1,000 个十字轮次的子样本中，86% 的插入都具有预启动功能。这些发现对当前的语音处理模型提出了质疑，这些模型未能将结构考虑在内。更多，