The southernmost variety of Northern Paiute is spoken aroundMono Lake, an alkaline lakeon the eastern slopes of theSierraNevada, and to its immediatenorth. The community atMono Lake, the KudzaDɨka’a (eaters of kudzabi, alkali fly pupae), is centered around LeeVining, California, and organized as the Kutzadika’a Paiute Indian Community, which is seeking federal recognition. The same variety is also spoken in Bridgeport, California, where the Pogai Dɨkadɨ (grass-seed eaters) are organized as the federally recognized Bridgeport Indian Colony, as well as in Coleville, California, in the southern Antelope Valley by the Onabi Dɨkadɨ (salt eaters). A large community was also located historically around Sweetwater, Nevada, in Smith Valley, due east of Coleville (Stewart 1939:142–43). This dialect, like other southern varieties, is distinguished phonologically from northern varieties by having three consonant grades (lenis, fortis, voiced fortis). Unlike all northern varieties and some southern varieties, it preserves the Numic “sixth vowel” /e/ and has completely depalatalized the (voiced) fortis palatal approximant, which is realized as /dd/. It is also distinguished from all other Northern Paiute varieties by its loss of the velar nasal (*/ŋ/ > /n/) (Babel et al. 2013). This variety is most closely related to the other southern varieties of Yerington (Yerington Paiute Tribe 1987 a, b) and Walker River (this volume). The variety spoken immediately aroundMono Lakemay have, at one time, had some unique features. The dialectical picture is somewhat complicated by populationmovement and intermarriage amongst communities.However, some speakers who trace their ancestry to Mono Lake exhibit two distinctive features. First, many words have an “echo” vowel that is not found even in the variety of Bridgeport: for example, tɨba’a, instead of tɨba, for ‘pine nut’ (see below, “Where the Paiutes Lived,” line 23). Second, the durative gemination process, which conveys an aspectual value of imperfective (Toosarvandani 2017), can be doubled by an additional suffix -’yu, at least in the speech of one speaker whose family was from Mono Lake.

中文翻译：

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莫诺湖及周边地区

最南端的北派尤特语在莫诺湖（位于内华达山脉东坡的碱性湖）及其北部附近使用。莫诺湖的社区 KudzaDɨka'a（库扎比食者，碱蝇蛹）以加利福尼亚州利维宁为中心，组织为 Kutzadika'a Paiute 印第安社区，该社区正在寻求联邦认可。加利福尼亚州布里奇波特也使用相同的品种，在那里 Pogai Dɨkadɨ（草食者）被组织为联邦政府认可的布里奇波特印第安殖民地，以及在加利福尼亚州科尔维尔，羚羊谷南部的 Onabi Dɨkadɨ（盐食客）。历史上，一个大型社区也位于内华达州斯威特沃特附近，位于科尔维尔正东的史密斯谷（斯图尔特 1939：142-43）。这种方言和其他南方变种一样，通过具有三个辅音等级（lenis、fortis、浊音fortis）在语音上区别于北方变种。与所有北方变体和一些南方变体不同，它保留了Numic“第六元音”/e/，并完全去除了（浊音）强硬上颚近音，实现为/dd/。它与所有其他北派尤特品种的区别还在于其失去了软腭鼻 (*/ŋ/ > /n/) (Babel et al. 2013)。该品种与耶灵顿（Yerington Paiute Tribe 1987 a, b）和沃克河（本卷）的其他南部品种关系最为密切。在Mono Lake周围立即使用的多样性曾经一度具有一些独特的特征。由于人口流动和社区之间的通婚，辩证图景有些复杂。然而，一些追溯到莫诺湖血统的演讲者表现出两个鲜明的特征。首先，许多词都有一个“回声”元音，即使在布里奇波特的变体中也找不到：例如，tɨba'a，而不是 tɨba，表示“松子”（见下文，“Paiutes 居住的地方”，第 23 行）。其次，传递不完美的方面价值的持续性产生过程（Toosarvandani 2017）可以通过附加后缀 -'yu 加倍，至少在一位家庭来自莫诺湖的演讲者的演讲中是这样。