Abstract This study examines pragmatic acquisition of requests for English-speaking learners of Spanish. This research expands upon previous work by investigating the acquisition of second language requests during a short-term immersion program (6 weeks) in Madrid, Spain and in three situational contexts: food and drink, general merchandise, and familial. Data were collected using an experimental computerized oral discourse completion task. Requests made by learners (501 requests) and native speakers (224 requests) were compared considering personal deictic orientation and directness of the requests. For learners, shifts from speaker-oriented to hearer-oriented requests indicated greater pragmatic development in food and drink and familial contexts. Results are discussed considering pragmatic developmental stages and differential results in the three contexts.

中文翻译：

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西班牙语二语要求的实用分析：短期留学期间在三种情况下的习得

摘要本研究考察了对英语为英语的西班牙语学习者的要求的语用习得。这项研究是对之前在西班牙马德里进行的短期沉浸计划（6周）中以及在以下三种情况下对第二语言要求的获取情况进行调查的基础上展开的：食物和饮料，日用品和家庭。使用实验性计算机化口语完成任务收集数据。考虑个人的定向和要求的直接性，比较了学习者（501个请求）和母语使用者（224个请求）的请求。对于学习者来说，从以说话者为中心的请求向以听众为中心的请求的转变表明，在饮食和家庭环境中，务实的发展有了更大的发展。