Using the French anti-piracy law known as HADOPI as a natural experiment,we study the asymmetric effects of online piracy on cinema admissions. Applying four estimation strategies at different levels of observation (town, movie, country, and consumer), we find that the introduction of the law is associated with a 9% increase in the market share of American movies.This increase occurs at the expense of other movies. Although we find an increase in overall admissions, this effect is not statistically significant. These findings primarily originate from a high initial level of asymmetric piracy between American and other movies, which was attenuated by the anti-piracy law, resulting in a fiercer competition between movies. The results can also be explained by the behavior of younger consumers, and might be caused by consumers' budget or time constraints. We exclude positive shocks on the relative quality of American movies, the advent of 3D movies, supply side reactions by firms, and word of mouth effects of illegal downloads as explanations for this redistributive effect.

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不对称盗版市场上反盗版法的意外后果：以法国电影业为例

我们使用称为HADOPI的法国反盗版法作为自然实验，研究了在线盗版对电影院门票的不对称影响。在不同的观察水平（城镇，电影，国家和消费者）应用四种估计策略，我们发现法律的引入与美国电影市场份额的9％增长相关，而这种增长是以牺牲美国电影为代价的。其他电影。尽管我们发现总体入学人数有所增加，但这种影响在统计上并不显着。这些发现主要源于美国电影与其他电影之间较高的初始非对称盗版水平，而反盗版法削弱了这种不对称盗版现象，导致电影之间的竞争更加激烈。结果也可以由年轻消费者的行为来解释，这可能是由消费者的 预算或时间限制。我们排除了对美国电影的相对质量，3D电影的出现，公司的供应副反应以及非法下载的口碑效应的正面冲击，以此来解释这种再分配效应。