This paper investigates how actively the speaker engages in taking stance at various levels in oral narrative. By using Du Bois’ (2007) stance theory, it shows that the meta-stance marker well , a discourse marker that performs the management of stance relations in conversational interaction ( Sakita 2013a ), plays a significant role in oral narrative as well. Well marks two central modes of stance-taking in a narrative. First, well manages the changes of local-spectrum stance-taking that occur among the utterances of/about characters or of the speakers who speak in their immediate, locally shared consciousness. Second, well typically manages the narrator’s broad-spectrum stance-taking with respect to the narrative event as a coherent whole. The latter corresponds to the use of well that is claimed to be unique for the context of the narrative ( Norrick 2001 ). However, this paper shows that well in both local- and broad-spectrum scope functions as a meta-stance marker by managing stance relations. The paper demonstrates that stance is often embedded and effectively highlighted in resonance ( Du Bois 2014 ), both in dialogic and monologic contexts.

中文翻译：

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口头叙述中的立场管理

本文调查了说话者在口头叙述中如何积极地在各个层面上采取立场。通过使用 Du Bois (2007) 的立场理论，它表明元立场标记 well，一种在对话互动中执行立场关系管理的话语标记 (Sakita 2013a)，在口头叙事中也起着重要作用。Well 标志着叙事中两种主要的立场模式。首先，很好地管理发生在/关于角色的话语或说话者的直接、局部共享意识中的局部频谱立场的变化。其次，通常能很好地管理叙述者对叙事事件的广泛立场作为一个连贯的整体。后者对应于井的使用，据称在叙述的背景下是独一无二的（Norrick 2001）。然而，本文表明，通过管理立场关系，在局部和广谱范围内都可以很好地发挥元立场标记的作用。该论文表明，无论是在对话还是独白的语境中，立场往往都嵌入并有效地突出在共鸣中（Du Bois 2014）。