This paper aims to explore the psychological mechanism in the relationship between paternalistic leadership (PL) and employee well-being (EWB) in cross-cultural nonprofit organizations. It also aims to further promote the integration of research on PL and self-concept by examining the relationship between PL and collective self-concept (CSC).,Data were collected on 72 supervisors and 233 expatriate Chinese teachers from 42 Confucius Institutes and 15 Confucius classrooms in Canada and the USA.,PL has a significant effect on EWB. Benevolent and moral leadership are positively related to CSC, while authoritarian leadership is negatively related to CSC. CSC mediates the relationship between PL and EWB. Furthermore, employees’ cross-cultural adaptability positively moderates the relationship between CSC and EWB; the indirect effect between PL and EWB via CSC is stronger for employees with stronger cross-cultural adaptability.,This is the first study that has examined the psychological mechanism under which PL affects EWB in cross-cultural nonprofit organizations. It contributes to the integration of research on PL and CSC by examining its relationship for the first time. It provides important implications for improving the well-being of expatriate employees in cross-cultural organizations.

中文翻译：

---

家长式领导和员工福祉：适度的调解模型

本文旨在探讨跨文化非营利组织中家长式领导（PL）与员工福祉（EWB）之间关系的心理机制。通过研究公共关系与集体自我概念（CSC）之间的关系，进一步促进公共关系与自我概念研究的融合。收集了来自42个孔子学院和15个孔子的72名主管和233名外籍中文教师的数据在加拿大和美国的教室中，PL对EWB产生重大影响。仁慈和道德领导与CSC正相关，而专制领导与CSC负相关。CSC调解PL和EWB之间的关系。此外，员工的跨文化适应性积极地调节了CSC和EWB之间的关系；对于具有较强跨文化适应性的员工，PL和EWB之间通过CSC的间接作用更强。这是首次研究PL影响跨文化非营利组织中EWB的心理机制的研究。通过首次检查它们之间的关系，它为PL和CSC研究的整合做出了贡献。它为改善跨文化组织中的外籍员工的福祉提供了重要的启示。