Constituent negation (CN) is commonly thought to be a subtype of natural language negation which does not exhibit substantial differences from the more frequent verbal negation. In this paper, I argue that at least Czech CN is different. I argue that its semantics targets both at-issue meaning and focus alternatives. The evidence will come from differences in interpretations between English and Czech with respect to negated comparatives adjoined to NPs (like no more than two people) and from many other types of negated constituents. I argue that the cross-linguistic variation can be explained if Slavic CN is treated as a focus-oriented particle, unlike English no which targets scalar alternatives.

中文翻译：

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上界和无界“不再”

成分否定（CN）通常被认为是自然语言否定的一种亚型，与更频繁的言语否定没有实质性差异。在本文中，我认为至少捷克CN是不同的。我认为它的语义既针对问题的意义，又针对重点。证据将来自英语和捷克语在与NP相连的否定比较词（如不超过两个人）方面的解释差异，以及许多其他类型的否定组成部分。我认为，如果将Slavic CN视为面向焦点的粒子，则可以解释跨语言的变化，这与英语no不同，后者针对的是标量替代项。