Atmospheric characterisation of temperate, rocky planets is the holy grail of exoplanet studies. These worlds are at the limits of our capabilities with current instrumentation in transmission spectroscopy and challenge our state-of-the-art statistical techniques. Here we present the transmission spectrum of the temperate Super-Earth LHS 1140b using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) G141 grism data of this habitable zone (T$_{\rm{eq}}$ = 235 K) Super-Earth (R = 1.7 $R_\oplus$), shows tentative evidence of water. However, the signal-to-noise ratio, and thus the significance of the detection, is low and stellar contamination models can cause modulation over the spectral band probed. We attempt to correct for contamination using these models and find that, while many still lead to evidence for water, some could provide reasonable fits to the data without the need for molecular absorption although most of these cause also features in the visible ground-based data which are nonphysical. Future observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) would be capable of confirming, or refuting, this atmospheric detection.

中文翻译：

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哈勃 WFC3 宜居带超级地球 LHS 1140 b 光谱

温带岩石行星的大气特征是系外行星研究的圣杯。这些世界正处于我们现有透射光谱仪器的能力极限，并挑战我们最先进的统计技术。在这里，我们使用哈勃太空望远镜 (HST) 展示了温带超级地球 LHS 1140b 的透射光谱。这个宜居带 (T$_{\rm{eq}}$ = 235 K) 超级地球 (R = 1.7 $R_\oplus$) 的广角相机 3 (WFC3) G141 grism 数据显示存在水的初步证据. 然而，信噪比以及探测的重要性很低，恒星污染模型会导致探测光谱带上的调制。我们尝试使用这些模型来纠正污染，并发现，虽然许多模型仍能提供水的证据，一些可以在不需要分子吸收的情况下为数据提供合理的拟合，尽管其中大多数原因还包括非物理的可见地面数据中的特征。詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜 (JWST) 的未来观测将能够证实或反驳这种大气探测。