ABSTRACT

During the poultry industrialization process the so-called sludge oil, a residual chicken fat, is recovered in the wastewater treatment plant and its use presents potential as raw material for biodiesel production. Thus, the aim of the study was to prepare blends of sludge oil with soybean oil to obtain fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) through the homogeneous alkaline transesterification reaction. To perform this study, a simple pre-treatment process – heating and subsequent filtration – was used, allowing sludge oil to be mixed with soybean oil to compose blends, without the need to use more sophisticated pre-treatment processes. After this step, blends ranging from 5% to 90% (m/m) of sludge oil mixed with soybean oil were prepared. The results showed that the molar ratio (1:6 oil blend:methanol), catalyst concentration 0.5% NaOH (m_cat/m_oil), at 65 °C for 60 min yielded FAME above 99.0 and 90.0% (m/m) for blends with up to 5 and 15% sludge oil, respectively. By increasing the temperature to 70 °C, under the same selected parameters, the blend with 10% sludge oil provided yield above 99.0% (m/m), presenting appropriate physicochemical properties, within the parameters required by National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP). These findings show the great potential sludge oil provides to reduce Brazil’s dependency on soybean oil for biodiesel production.

Highlights

• Sludge oil, a waste raw material for biodiesel production, is not yet explored in Brazil.

• A procedure for biodiesel production using soybean oil and sludge oil blends was proposed.

• The best reaction condition was 1:6 oil blend:MeOH molar ratio; 0.5% NaOH (m_cat/m_oil), at 70 °C for 60 min.

• Biodiesel yield was higher than 99% (m/m) under optimal reaction conditions.

• Sludge oil represents a promising waste raw material for biodiesel production.

摘要

在家禽工业化过程中，所谓的污泥油（一种残留的鸡脂肪）在废水处理厂中被回收，其用途具有作为生物柴油生产原料的潜力。因此，本研究的目的是制备污泥油与大豆油的混合物，通过均相碱性酯交换反应获得脂肪酸甲酯 (FAME)。为了进行这项研究，使用了一种简单的预处理工艺——加热和随后的过滤——使污泥油与大豆油混合制成混合物，而无需使用更复杂的预处理工艺。在此步骤之后，制备了 5% 至 90% (m/m) 的污泥油与大豆油混合的混合物。结果表明，摩尔比（1：6油混合物：甲醇），催化剂浓度0.5% NaOH（m_cat /m _oil )，在 65 °C 下保持 60 分钟，对于含高达 5% 和 15% 污泥油的混合物，分别产生高于 99.0 和 90.0% (m/m) 的 FAME。通过将温度提高到 70 °C，在相同的选定参数下，与 10% 污泥油的混合物提供了高于 99.0% (m/m) 的产率，呈现出适当的物理化学性质，在国家石油天然气局要求的参数范围内和生物燃料（ANP）。这些发现表明，污泥油在减少巴西对大豆油生产生物柴油的依赖方面具有巨大潜力。

强调

• 污泥油是一种用于生产生物柴油的废弃原料，巴西尚未开发。

• 提出了一种使用大豆油和污泥油混合物生产生物柴油的程序。

• 最佳反应条件为1：6的油混合物：MeOH摩尔比；0.5% NaOH (m _cat /m _oil )，在 70 °C 下保持 60 分钟。

• 在最佳反应条件下，生物柴油的产率高于 99% (m/m)。

• 污泥油是一种很有前景的用于生物柴油生产的废弃原料。